blood groups

antigens

cell membrane proteins that stimulate the immune system to defend the organsim

antibodies

opposing proteins that counter attack antigen cells recognised as non self

for each type of antigen

body makes specific antibody that can bind to it

antibodies 1

float freely in blood until they encounter an invader with matching antigen

antibodies 2

bind to antigen forming antigen-antibody complex that marks foreigner for destruction

antibodies 3

formation of complex causes foreign cells to clump together, inactivating them

agglutination def

clumping together of blood cells

diff blood types caused by

variations in surface protein on RBCs (genetically determined)

ABO system

- presence or absence of antigen A and B on surface of RBC

- blood plasma contain antibody of other blood types

group A

- A antigen

- B antibody

group B

- antigen B

- antibody A

group AB

- antigen A and B

- no antibody

group O

- neither A or B antigen

- antibodies A and B

Rh +

- Rh antigens present

- cannot produce anti-Rh antibody

Rh -

- No Rh antigen

- Able to produce Rh antibody

Rh- recieve

only from Rh-

blood transfusions def

blood, blood product from a donor being injected directly into another person's blood stream

for transfusion, need match

ABO and Rh blood type

Types of blood transfusions

- whole blood

- red cell concentrate

- platelet concentrate

- cryoprecipitate

- immunoglobins

- autologous transfusion