Unit 1: Global Tapestry (1200-1450)

These flashcards cover key concepts, terms, and definitions related to the Global Tapestry (1200-1450), focusing on developments in East Asia, Dar-Al-Islam, South and Southeast Asia, the Americas, Africa, and Europe.

Confucianism

A Chinese philosophy emphasizing hierarchical social order and filial piety.

Filial Piety

The practice of honoring one's ancestors and parents in Confucianism.

Neo-Confucianism

A revival of Confucian thought, incorporating Buddhist and Daoist elements.

Imperial Bureaucracy

A government system that implements the emperor's directives across the territory.

Civil Service Exams

Examinations based on Confucian classics to increase government competency.

Commercialization

The process of selling surplus goods and increasing trade.

Champa Rice

A drought-resistant rice variety from Champa, enhancing agricultural production.

Magnetic Compass

A navigational instrument that improved maritime travel accuracy.

Grand Canal

A major trade route in China that facilitated cheaper trade.

Dar-Al-Islam

An Arabic term meaning 'house of Islam', referring to lands under Islamic rule.

Abbasid Caliphate

A major Islamic empire known for its cultural and scientific advancements.

Sharia Law

Islamic legal system derived from the Quran and Hadith.

Sufism

A mystical Islamic belief that emphasizes inward spirituality and equality.

Math Innovations

Contributions to mathematics from Islamic scholars, including Nasir al-Din al-Tusi.

Hinduism

A major religion in South Asia characterized by a polytheistic belief system.

Bhakti Movement

A devotional trend in Hinduism advocating love and devotion to a personal god.

Sufism in South Asia

Practice of mystical Islam emphasizing spiritual equality and devotion.

Vijayanagara

A prominent Hindu kingdom in South India known for its cultural achievements.

Angkor Wat

A temple complex in Cambodia representing Khmer architecture and religious devotion.

Maya State Building

Decentralized city-states in Mesoamerica known for fragmented political structures.

Aztec Empire

A strong Mesoamerican empire known for its religious motivations and economy.

Inca Empire

A centralized empire in South America with a complex bureaucracy.

Mississippian Culture

A North American culture known for its large earthen mounds and trade networks.

Great Zimbabwe

A kingdom in southern Africa known for its economy based on trade and agriculture.

Hausa Kingdoms

Independent city-states in West Africa that thrived through trade.

Byzantine Empire

The eastern continuation of the Roman Empire, known for its cultural strength.

Eastern Orthodox Christianity

Branch of Christianity in the Byzantine Empire that emphasized tradition.

Feudalism

A social system in which land was exchanged for loyalty and service.

Manorialism

Economic system of feudal Europe based on self-sufficient estates.

Anti-Semitism

Prejudice against Jews that emerged during the Crusades.

Cahokia

A major Mississippian city known for its large earthen mounds.

Mesa Verde

A site known for its cliff dwellings and sandstone architecture.

Chaco Canyon

A major center for the Ancestral Puebloans known for sophisticated architecture.

Silk Road

A network of trade routes connecting the East and West, facilitating exchange.

Buddhism

A religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama emphasizing the Four Noble Truths.

Theravada Buddhism

The oldest form of Buddhism focusing on individual enlightenment.

Mahayana Buddhism

A form of Buddhism that includes devotional practices and compassion.

Tibetan Buddhism

A branch of Mahayana Buddhism known for its distinct traditions.

Buddhist Deities

Divine figures in Buddhism that embody compassion and other virtues.

Chan Buddhism

A school of Mahayana Buddhism emphasizing meditation and intuition.

Agricultural Innovations

Advances in farming techniques that increased food production.

Iron and Steel Production

The large-scale manufacturing of iron and steel tools for trade and warfare.

Imports and Exports

Goods brought into and sent out of a country, critical for trade economies.

Cultural Continuity

Preservation of cultural practices and beliefs across generations.

Indian Ocean Trade

Trade network connecting East Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia.

Salt Trade

A vital trade route in which salt was exchanged for valuable goods.

Caste System

A hierarchical social structure unique to Hindu society.

Social Stratification

The categorization of people based on wealth, education, and power.

Religious Syncretism

The blending of different religious beliefs and practices.

Trade Diaspora

Communities of merchants living outside their homeland facilitating trade.

Cultural Exchange

Interaction between different cultures leading to shared traditions.

Hierarchy

A system of organization where members are ranked according to status.