dermatology

dermatology

the study of skin, its diseases and treatment

dermatologist

the physician who specializes in dermatology

objective sympton

evidence of disease or injury perceptible one examining a patient (sometimes referred to as a sign)

subjective symtpom

evidence of disease perceived by the patient (but not to anyone examining the patient)

lesion

a structeral or functional change in tissue caused by disease or injury

pathology

the study of disease, the branch of medicine which treats of essential nature of disease

etiology

the study of the causes of disease

diagnosis

identification and labeling of a disease based on its signs and symptoms

prognosis

the expected course that a disease will take

edema

swelling of intercellular fluids

erythema

redness

keratosis

a localized horny overgrowth of the upper layer of skin

acanthosis nigricans

a skin condition characterized by dark thickened velvety patches especially in the fold of skin in the axilla, groin and back of the neck

dyskeratosis

an abnormal, premature or imperfect keraintazaion

spongiosis

increased intercellular fluid/swelling of the epidermis

pruritus means

itching

primary leasion

immediately upon, or soon after the beginning of a disease or injury

secondary lesions

developed from primary lesions

tertiary lesions

those of which we only see with serious diseases

macule

discolored spot on the skin, which is neither raised or sunken in. vary in size, often seen as: freckles, liver spots, leukoderma, stains, vitiligo and melasma

wheal

a small kind of papule, often associated with hives or mosquito bites

papule

a small raised, solid lesion lacking fluid, vary in size from a pinhead to about 1 cm, they are the smallest of the fluid lesions. often seen as: warts or acne

nodule (tubercle)

ranging from about the size of a pea to the size of a hickory nut, they lie much deeper in the skin (sometimes centered in the subcutis or hypodermis) they are the second smallest of the fluid less lesions. often seen as: cystic acne

tumor

largest of the fluid less lesions; they may vary greatly in size, shape and color

vesicle and bulla

raised fluid filled lesions, blisters. Vesicles are small ones. Bullas are larger

pustule

a raised, pus filled lesion with an inflamed base. often seen as: acne pimple, folliculitis and impetigo

crust

a scab like accumulation of blood serum and or whole blood, with or without pus

scale

an accumulation of epidermal flakes, which may be dry or greasy. often seen as psoriasis scales

excoriation

an ordinary sore or skin abrasion, due to scratching scraping, picking. may be post primary lesion or die to physiological issues

fissure

a crack in the skin which penetrates to the dermis

ulcer

an open sore on the skin or mucous membrane, by disintegration of the tissue and often with pus, which is a sign of infection

scar (cicatrix)

fibrous tissue growth which may form during healing

blood serum includes

proteins, electrolytes, antibodies bodily antigens, hormones as well as things which do not originate in the body such as, drugs, foreign antigens and microorganism

herpes simplex

cold sores or genital sores caused by the herpes virus, characterized by painful blisters

impetigo

very contagious bacterial infection. caused red sores that can break open, ooze fluid and develop a yellow brown crust

dermatitis

inflammation of the skin, it can have countless causes

eczema

dryness and recurring skin rashes that are characterized by: redness, skin edema, itching and dryness, crusting, flaking, blistering, cracking, oozing or bleeding

psoriasis

a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin, characterized by reddish patches covered by silvery scales. this disease is not infectious, but it is due to the immune system

urticaria (hives)

a kind of skin rash notable for dark red, raised, itchy bumps

disease

an abnormal condition that impairs bodily functions, associated with specific symptoms and signs

congenital

present at brith

seasonal

conditions which tend to flare up certain times of the year (allergies)

occupational

any chronic ailment that occurs as a result of work or occupational activity: such as mesothelioma and contact dermatitis

parasitic

caused by parasites such as lice

systemic

caused by an endocrine malfunction

venereal

sexually transmitted diseases

allergy

reactions to normally harmless environmental substances known as allergens

inflammation

response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, as well as initiate the healing process for the tissue. inflammation does NOT necessarily indicate infection

acute

condition with a rapid and short, but severe course

chronic

long lasting and recurrent condition or one characterized by long suffering

oma

growth

osis

“a condition of”

itis

“an inflammation of”

Rrhea

flow or discharge

stea

relating to the sebaceous gland

comedone

black heads, a hardened plug of sebaceous material and dead cells

milia

white heads, milk spots, oil seeds

acne

a chronic inflammatory disorder of the skin, may cause an increase of androgen activity and sebaceous activity. this is very often associated with bacterial infection and therefor pus

steatoma (sebaceous cyst)

sometimes called a wen, can grow large. removing the contents of the cyst will not get rid ot if; a doctor must surgically remove it

seborrhea

oily condition of the nose, forehead or scalp, it may be uncomfortable, due to over activity of the sebaceous glands

asteatosis

dry, scaly condition due to deficient sebaceous gland action

furuncle (boil)

skin infection involving an entire hair follicle and nearby skin tissue

tan

a biological response of the skin UV radiation

lentigines (lentigo)

known as freckles and or liver spots (liver spots have nothing to do with the liver malfunction)

chloasma (melasma)

yellow, brown or black deposits in the skin are the discolorations which women sometimes get on their face as a result of pregnancy or birth control pills. it is known as a mask of pregnancy

stains

abnormal patches of brown colorations, may appear after the removal of moles from other skin trauma

nevus (also spelled naevus)

commonly known as birthmarks

leukoderma

abnormal whiteness of the skin, due to the absence of pigmentation, may either occur in patches or over the entire surface of the body. a contraindication for laser

albinism

a congenital absence of pigmentation from the skin , hair , and iris (eye). sometimes causing vision loss, a contraindication for laser

vitiligo

a skin condition characterized by patchy loss of pigment, usually in the skin or hair. (immune system attacking the melanocytes). a contraindication for laser

miliaria/miliaria rubra (heat rash or prickly heat)

a painful burning condition usually seasonal, inflammatory disorder of the sudoriferous glands, consisting of papules and vesicles.

you can find it on the neck, chest, back and folds of the skin

you can treat it by using a cold compress, topicals like calamine lotion or hydrocortisone cream

bromidrosis or osmidrosis

a foul smelling perspiration caused by certain food or medication, at times this is caused by a congenital issue

anhidrosis

lack of perspiration

hyperhidrosis

excessive perspiration

hypertrophies

enlargement of tissue due to enlargement or multiplication of cells

keratoma

hard thickened patch of skin, due to hypertrophy of the epidermis, a callus

keloid

a scar which grows well beyond the borders of the original injury

verruca (wart)

a skin tumor caused by the HPV

mole

small congenital lesion ranging from pale to tan to brown to bluish black. often will contain deep terminal hairs

scabbing is a sign of

over treatment

folliculitis

follicle becomes severely infected, the above pustular may worsen into superficial folliculitis, in which pus limited to in between the corneum and the rest of the epidermis

dermographia

form of urticaria, a congenital sensitivity to any form of scratching or friction on the skin which causes whealing. name means “writing on the skin”

hyperplasia

an increase in the number of cells (mutation)

merkel cell carcinoma

rare, and aggressive cancer that affects the merkel cells in our system and can be caused by the merkel virus. its firm, shiny, red, or purple nodules spread early and often affects our lymph nodes

kaposi's carcinoma

a rare cancer linked to our blood vessels in our skin, commonly seen in patients who have HIV and AIDS. can appear red, purple or brown patches and also have open wounds.

ABCDE stands for

asymmetry

border

color

diameter

elevated