Unit 3: Intermolecular Forces and Properties

Covalent substances

________ are liquid at room temperature and will boil when their IMFs are broken.

London Dispersion forces

________ (LDFs) occur between all molecules and are very weak attractions caused by random electron movements.

Dipoles

________ are opposite charges separated by some distance.

Vaporization

________ requires no excess heat to be added.

Solids

________ have very tight- knit molecules and have the strongest IMFs.

gas law

The combined ________ is used when moles are held constant.

kinetic energy

The ________ (KE) is directly proportional to the temperature.

Effusion

________ is the rate a gas will escape from a container with microscopic holes from high pressure to low pressure.

covalent bonds

Intermolecular forces (IMFs) are the forces in between ________.

KE

Even though ________ is the same for gases at the same temperature, this can not be said for velocity because gas molecules have different masses.

Network covalent bonds

________ are the strongest and are very hard to melt.

unequal share of electrons

The ________ is called a polar covalent bond which also causes a slight partial charge on each atom.

kinetic molecular theory becomes

The ________ invalid when the temperature is too low and /or the pressure is too high because the gases become too tightly packed.

Ionic substances

________ are usually solids at room temperature.

weakest

Gases have the ________ IMFs and have the most spread apart atoms.

Dipole dipole forces

________ occur when the positive center of one polar molecule is attracted to the negative end of another polar molecule.

hydrogen bond

occurs between hydrogen and oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine

polar

a molecule that has electrical charge

nonpolar

a molecule with no electrical charge; equally shared electrons

absorbance

the amount of light that cannot get through a colored solution