PLASTICS

thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics

classification of plastic based on thermal behavior

plastics

used to describe a product of synthetic origin which is capable of being shaped at some stage of its manufacture, but is not rubber, wood, leather, or metal

plastics

are synthetic materials made from polymers which are long chains of molecules derived primarily from petroleum-based chemicals

polymers

which are long chains of molecules derived primarily from petroleum-based chemicals

bakelite (1907)

first developed in the 20th century and as one of the first fully synthetic plastics

wwii

after what event was plastics widely used due to their light weight, versatility, low cost, and resistance to decay

bakelizer

a steam pressure vessel used by leo hendrik baekeland to commercialize his discover of bakelite

thermoplastics

soften when heated and harden when cooled regardless of the number of times the process is repeated (linear/threadlike molecular structure)

linear or threadlike

molecular structure of thermoplastics

thermocurring plastics

thermosetting plastics is also called as

thermosetting plastics

set into shape permanently when heat and pressure are applied during the forming stage

3-dimensional arrangement

molecular structure of thermosetting plastics

polyvinyl chloride (pvc)

is a largely amorphous, rigid, tough, solvent-resistant, flame-resistant thermoplastic, used for resilient floor tile, films, pipes, paint lacquers, adhesives, and safety glass

acrylic

This material combines the transparency of glass (but not scratch-proof quality) with the plastics’ shatterproof quality (used for skylights, skydomes, safety glass, paints, adhesives, finish hardware lighting fixtures)

lucite and plexiglass

popular brands of acrylic

polyethelyne (pe) - Zeigler PE

is a hard, strong, tough, and rigid thermoplastic for household and industrial applications

polyethelyne (pe) - ICI PE

a high-pressure, low density PE that is flexible, tough, and slightly resilient thermoplastic used in construction as pond or lagoon lining and water-vapor barriers and damp proofing

polystyrene

one of the most important thermoplastics because of its excellent transparency and rigidity and easy moldability

polysterene

it is non-water absorbent, found in color but brittle wall tiles, one of the sever plastics used in lighting fixture diffusers, paint for concrete, important thermal insulator in foam form

polycarbonate

a family of linear polyesters, is a white, substantially amorphous, very tough and strong material with good heat resistance up to 150 deg C and excellent dimensional stability

polycarbonates

injection molded to produce plates, rods, gears, and other shaped parts that advantageously replace die-cast metal parts, used for skylights

cellulosic

are synthetic plastics but they are not synthetic polymers, they are made from a naturally occurring polymer, cellulose, which is obtained from wood pulp and cotton linters

celluclosic

plastics produced from them are commonly referred to as acetate, butyrate, propionate, and ethyl cellulose

polypropylene

tough plastic with good resistance to heat and chemical action

nylon

refers to family of polymers called linear polymadies, resistant to damange from oil and many chemicals can be precolored or dyed in wide range of colors and resilient

fluoroplastics

class of paraffinic polymers that have some or all of the hydrogen replaced by fluorine, characterized by excellent chemical and heat resistance, good electrical properties, and excellent wear resistance

resist abrasion

most desired characteristic of fluoroplastics

acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (abs)

styrenic resin with improved toughness and heat resistant, high gloss low shrinkage, and good dimenrisonal stability, widely used in injection molsidng of appliance furniture, and automotive parks

acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (abs)

high melt strength suitable for the production of extruded sheet, applied on panels for large appliances and thermoformed items such as hot tubs and recreational vehicle parts

urea

raw material used in the manufacture of many chemicals, such as various plastics, essential for making feedstock, glue, commercial products, incadescent light diffusion, baked enamels, and in resin production

melamine

well known for its use in molded dishes

urea and melamine

hard, durable, and dimensionally stable, these similar plastics are resistant to chemicals, electric potential, and heat

epoxy

used in buildings for its remarkable adhesive qualities, it make also be used for special paints that are chemically resistant and for special caulking compounds

alkyds

appear chiefly as molded electrical parts and as the vehicle in pants, lacquers, and enamels; any of numerous synthetic resins that are used especially for protective coatings and in paint (vehicle is an alkyd resin)

phenolics

a composite resin material made from a combination of phenol and aldehyde, a rigid material used in a wide range of consumer fitting applications; used for paints. baked enamels, adhesives, impregnating resins for paper and wood, and finish hardware

polyester

most commonly used in large glass-fiber reinforced transluscent panels that are strong, rigid, and impact-resistant; used in impregnating paper and wood, as laminating material, and for contact adhesive

urethanes

used in paint coatings, foms, and are self adhesive

silicones

used for clear, water-repellant paints for concrete and masonry surfaces above grade

plastic sheets

usually made of acrylate, polyester, or polystyrene plastics, either plain or reinforced with glass-fiber, are available in flat or corrugated sheets and various deformed shapes (thickness 1.5mm 1/16 in to 2.38mm 3/32 in)

plastic sheets

can be used to replace glass in any type of windows or doors, skylights, shower enclosures, or in any area where a translucent, transparent or opaque material in a wide variety of colors are needed in the interior

corrugated sheet

good roofing material and other similar uses as sheet plastic

film sheets (water barrier or dampproofing)

specific use of film sheets its is general made of polyethylene and polyvinyl and come in thickness raging from 1-10 mils and in rolls of 50’ length and 3’ to 40’ width

film sheets (building construction)

specific use of film sheets that is 2, 4, and 6 mils are most commonly used

foam

used as flotation material, thermal insulators, and shock-resistant mountings, offers possibilities for lightweight materials of high strength

laminates

cotton cloth and paper as filler material in sheet forms that are bonded toevther by heat adn pressure to form and intergral body

lamination

process applied to paper or fabric impregnated with thermosetting resins,

synthetic plastics and bioplastics

classification of plastic based on origin

synthetic plastics

derived from petrochemicals (Most common)

bioplastics

derived from renewable sources like corn starch or sugarcane

structural, interior, exterior, and finishing and accessories

applications of plastic in construction