Latin 101 Special Case Ablatives

Ablative of Means or Instrument

a noun or pronoun that answers the question “by means of what (instrument)?/by what?/with what?” is the action of the verb performed

Ablatives of Accompaniment

an ablative noun/pronoun, usually a person, that answers the question “in whose company/with whom is the action performed”; an ablative with the preposition “cum”

Abl of Manner

a noun that answers the question “how/in what manner” is the action performed; cum + an ablative noun, regularly an abstract noun

ABLATIVE WITH CARDINAL NUMERALS

With cardinal numerals (other than mīlia) and with quīdam (a certain one) and sometimes paucī the idea of the whole is expressed by ex or dē  and the ablative

ABLATIVE OF TIME WHEN OR WITHIN WHICH

The personal agent by whom the action of a passive verb is performed is indicated by ā/ab and the ABLATIVE OF AGENT; the means by which the action is accomplished is indicated by the ABLATIVE OF MEANS

ABLATIVE OF PLACE FROM WHICH

regularly involves a verb of active motion from one place to another; nearly always, too, the ablative is governed by one of the prepositions ab, dē, or ex (away from, down from, out of)

ABLATIVE OF SEPARATION

implies only that some person or thing is separate from another; there is no movement from one place to another;