Cell Cycle

DNA; histomes 

A chromosome is highly condensed section of _____ wrapped around proteins called ______

46; 23

Humans have ___ chromosomes or ___ pairs

78; 7

Dogs have ___ chromosomes and strawberries have ___

single arms

Before DNA replication, chromosomes look like

X-like

After replitcation, chromosomes look

exact copy

Each arm =

interphase

Most of the cell cycle is

growth phase

G1

DNA replication

S

preperation for mitosis

G2

90

About __% of a cell’s life is interphase

DNA damage

G1 checkpoint looks for

DNA is replicated before mitosis

G2 checkpoint makes sure

to see if chromosomes are lined up properly

M checkpoint checks

detects DNA damage and may enter a “pause” phase of repair

G0 phase 

apoptosis 

If DNA damage is irreparable the cell undergoes 

apoptosis 

programmed cell death 

cell grows and organelles may be duplicated

In G phases

Chromosomes copy themselves

In S phases

nucleus

Mistosis= division of the

cytoplasm

Cytokinesis= division of the

2

mitosis results in __ identical daughter cells

4;4

Chromosome number: parent=___, daughter___

tightly coils 

DNA ______ into chromosomes in prophase

nuclear membrane

______ breaks down during prophase

centrioles

____ + spindle fibers form in prophase

prophase

the longest phase of mitosis

centrioles 

spindle fibers (in animal cells) come from organelles called 

gone

During metaphase, nuclear membrane is

chromosomes line up in the ____ during metaphase

spindle fibers attach to ___ during metaphase

chromatids

Sister ___ pulled apart to opposite poles in anaphase

nuclear membranes 

New ____ form during telophase 

decondense back into chromatin 

Chromosomes begin to break down into ______ in telophase 

Cytoplasm _____ in cytokenisis

splits, roughly 50/50 of organelles are squished into each new cell 

a clevage furrow forms 

In animals:_____ during cytokinesis 

a new cell wall- called a cell plate- forms

In plants: ____ during cytokinesis