IB Bio HL vocab Cells

oogenesis

Production of female gametes by meiosis, forming one ovum and polar bodies

spermatogenesis

Production of male gametes by meiosis, forming four sperm cells

spermatocytes

Male germ cells in the testes that undergo meiosis to form sperm

oocytes

Immature egg cells in the ovary that develop into ovum

germinal epilium

Layer of cells in the ovary or testis where gametes develop

primary oocyte

diploid cell paused in prophase 1 of meiosis

secondary oocyte

A haploid cell resulting from meiosis I in oogenesis

ovum

A mature egg cell

spermatozoon

sperm cell

polar body

a small cell containing little cytoplasm that is produced along with the oocyte and later discarded

zygote

Diploid cell formed when a sperm fertilizes an egg.

Follicle Cells

Cells that surround and nourish the developing oocyte in the ovary

Plant Cells

cells with a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large vacuole for structure and storage

somatic cells

Any cells in the body other than reproductive cells

Cortical Granules

Vesicles in the egg that release enzymes after fertilization to block other sperm from entering

spermatids

Haploid cells formed from meiosis of spermatocytes that mature into sperm

Sertoli cells

Support and nourish developing sperm cells

Germinal eptithelium

Layer of cells in the ovary or testis where gametes are produced