Computer Science

computer science topic 2

Binary

A number system that contains 1s and 0s to represent different values along a number line and is the base of computers

Unsigned Integers

Whole numbers that are non-negative and do not have a sign bit, allowing for twice the positive range compared to signed integers.

two’s Compliment

A way to represent negative numbers in binary, simplifying binary arithmetic. The last number being -128.

Binary Addition

Binary works by adding bits from right to left, following these rules:

• 0 + 0 = 0

• 0 + 1 = 1

• 1 + 0 = 1

• 1 + 1 = 0 (carry 1 to the next column)

• 1 + 1 + 1 = 1 (carry 1 to the next column)

Colour Depth

The number of bits used to represent the colour of a single pixel in an image, determining how many different colours can be displayed.

Analogue to Digital Conversion

The process of converting continuous analogue sound waves into discrete binary data (0s and 1s).

Digital to Analogue Conversion

The process of converting stored binary data back into continuous analogue signals.The computer reads the binary values and converts them into electrical signals