Logic: A Concise Introduction

Flashcards for vocabulary review.

Logic

The organized body of knowledge, or science, that evaluates arguments.

Argument

A group of statements, one or more of which (the premises) are claimed to provide support for, or reasons to believe, one of the others (the conclusion).

Statement

A sentence that is either true or false.

Premises

The statements that set forth the reasons or evidence within an argument.

Conclusion

The statement that the evidence is claimed to support or imply; the statement claimed to follow from the premises.

Indicator Words

Words that provide clues in identifying premises (e.g., since, because, as) and conclusions (e.g., therefore, thus, consequently).

Inference

The reasoning process expressed by an argument.

Proposition

The meaning or information content of a statement.

Inferential Claim

The claim that the passage expresses a certain kind of reasoning process.

Illustration

A form of expression involving one or more examples that is intended to show what something means or how it is done.