BIO 265: Anatomy & Physiology Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and definitions related to the topics of epithelial and connective tissues, cell types, and basic functions as discussed in the lecture.

Epithelial Tissue

A type of tissue that covers body surfaces and forms glands.

Connective Tissue

A tissue type that provides support and binds other tissues together.

Simple Squamous Epithelium

A single layer of flat cells, primarily involved in filtration.

Microvilli

Finger-like projections that increase surface area, commonly found in intestines.

Cilia

Hair-like structures that help in the movement of particles in a unidirectional manner.

Glandular Epithelium

A type of epithelium composed of cells that secrete substances such as hormones.

Endocrine Glands

Glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream without using ducts.

Exocrine Glands

Glands that have ducts and secrete substances like digestive enzymes or sweat.

Sebaceous Gland

A type of holocrine gland that secretes oil to lubricate skin and hair.

Keratin

A protein that replaces cytoplasm in cells, providing hardness and water resistance.

Osteoblast

A cell responsible for bone formation.

Osteoclast

A cell that breaks down bone tissue, important for bone resorption.

Hyaline Cartilage

A type of cartilage that provides support and flexibility, found in joints.

Compact Bone

Dense bone that forms the outer layer of bones and provides strength.

Spongy Bone

Lightweight bone found inside the bones, containing red bone marrow.

Axial Skeleton

The part of the skeleton that includes the skull, vertebrae, and rib cage.

Appendicular Skeleton

The part of the skeleton that includes the limbs and girdles.