AP U.S. Government & Politics - Unit Seven: Civil Liberties

These flashcards cover essential concepts and cases related to civil liberties in the context of U.S. Government and Politics, focusing on the Bill of Rights and the Supreme Court rulings.

The core civil liberties expressed in the Bill of Rights reflect a concept of __________ government.

limited

The process by which certain rights in the Bill of Rights have been applied to the states through the ______ Clause is known as selective incorporation.

Due Process

The Court's rulings balancing social order and individual liberty often invoke the __________ test when regarding speech.

Clear and Present Danger

The __________ Amendment guarantees the right to free speech.

First

The __________ Clause prohibits the government from establishing an official religion.

Establishment

In __________ v. Vitale, the Supreme Court ruled that state-sponsored prayer in schools is unconstitutional.

Engel

The ______ Rule prevents the use of illegally obtained evidence in court.

Exclusionary

The __________ Clause protects individuals' rights to practice their religion freely.

Free Exercise

In __________ v. Wainwright, the Supreme Court ruled that defendants have the right to counsel even in state courts.

Gideon

The concept of 'implied' privacy emerged from various amendments, particularly the __________ Amendment.

Ninth

The __________ Test is used to determine whether a law violates the Establishment Clause.

Lemon

In __________ v. Chicago, the Court held that the Second Amendment right to keep and bear arms is applicable to the states.

McDonald

The __________ Rule ensures that a person must be informed of their rights before being interrogated.

Miranda

The __________ Test is applied to assess whether speech or expression is considered obscene and thus not protected.

Obscenity

In __________ v. US, the Supreme Court ruled against free speech rights during wartime if it posed a clear danger.

Schenck

Selective __________ refers to the gradual process of applying the Bill of Rights to the states.

Incorporation

__________ Due Process involves the rights inherent in the legal process, while __________ Due Process pertains to the manner laws are applied.

Substantive; procedural

The ruling in __________ v. Des Moines protected student free speech in schools.

Tinker

In __________ v. Yoder, the Court upheld the right of Amish parents to refuse compulsory school attendance for their children after 8th grade.

Wisconsin