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what does canon mean
in greek means measuring rod
what is the canon
set agreed books that make up the bible
how many books in the OT and NT
46 OT and 27 NT
what does septuagint mean
Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible
what does apocrypha mean
greek word meaning hidden
what are the apocrypha
books not included in the canon
catholic view on apocrypha
positive
include 6 more books than protestants
believed to be 'hidden wisdom'
protestant view on apocrypha
negative
authorship uncertain therefore questionable value
why are these books apocryphal
historical errors
authorship unknown
don't align with church beliefs
what is the tanakh
Jewish bible
how is the tanakh split
torah (law)
neui'im
kethuim
what is contained in the torah
genesis, exodus, Deuteronomy, numbers, Leviticus
what is contained in the neui'im
the prophets
what is contained in the kethuim
the writings
how is the Jewish canon decided
books need to support each others content
must align with jewish faith and practice
what is the protestant OT canon
laws, wisdom, history and prophets - 39 books
what is the protestant NT canon
gospels (good news), acts, letters (paul), revelations
why is the NT canon same for both denominations
all agree to be 27 books no debate
what is the catholic OT canon
law, history, wisdom, prophets BUT has 46 books
what 3 criteria must the NT canon fit
- books had to be linked to the apostles and church, support pre-existing practices
- support central beliefs eg, crucifixion
- authorship must be clear except revelations
what is the Muratorian fragment
a fragment of writing only 85 lines found in 1740 AD in Milan by Lodaico Muratori
when is the Muratorian fragment believed to be written
1740 AD due to present tense used
refers to Pope at the time
what does the writing contain
mentions Luke and John in traditional order
acts of the apostles
14 letters to Paul
letters to Jude/John
wisdom of Soloman
apocalypse of John and Peter
how is the Muratorian fragment evidence the canon is human determined
includes list of what was NOT included eg. Didache and Shepard of Hermas
what is the codex Sinaiticus/book of Sinai
first handwritten script of OT and NT written in Greek
written on sheets of parchments into 3 column sections
how is the canon order
non-chronologically but instead in order of importance (laws first etc.)
believed if one author wrote more than one book then they were placed together eg. Lukes gospel and Acts
how is the jewish canon different
organised differently to show a different message
what do the differences between Jewish and Christian canon show about canon order
ordered by humans to show a specific message
origins of the word inspire
greek for breath in or on
how does NT wright describe being inspired
theopneustos - God-breathed
what is the main argument for inspiration
did God author the bible directly eg. authors writings are the words from God or was it written from human interpretation after humans were inspired by God
explain objective views of inspiration
God directly moved the writers to write certain texts therefore it is absolute
inspiration is divine dictation
analogy of 'as a flautist might blow into a flute'
what does plenary inspiration support
the bible has no errors - inerrancy
what is Origen belief about inspiration
prophets were conscious therefore could express their own view
Luke and Matthew express different tones that come from the author themselves
what is plenary verbal inspiration
belief that God literally spoke to the prophets and so the words are inspired
the words in the bible are literally true and that science will never supersede religious explanations
what does plenary mean
complete/entire
if the bible is plenary inspiration what does this mean
it cannot be questioned
is plenary inspiration widely believed
no because humans are fallible and the use of redaction criticism
explain subjective views of inspiration
enlightenment brought social and moral questioning
the greek word author has mixed translations sometimes meaning producer
problem with subjective views
leaves other books open to be equally as inspired as the bible
what is Karl Barths view on inspiration
if we listen to the bible with humility and obedience then it can be transformed into the word of God
inspiration is therefore found in the readers experience
Gods word can never be more important than jesus
how many points are there in dei verbum
12
what is the catholic view on inspiration
god chose 'men' to act through when writing the bible
god told the human authors what he wanted to include
god used the bible to make himself known
what is the purpose of dei verbum
tells us the bible is the most direct word of God