BB2 Chapter 8: Antibody Detection & Identification (Part 3)

These flashcards cover key concepts, definitions, and procedures associated with antibody detection and identification, focusing on autoantibodies, testing methods, and clinical considerations.

What causes a positive auto control or DAT?

Cold autoantibody, warm autoantibody, drug mechanism, HDFN, or delayed transfusion reaction.

How do cold autoantibodies typically behave in laboratory tests?

They react during IS crossmatching and yield a positive auto control and DAT.

What infections are associated with cold autoantibodies?

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and infectious mononucleosis.

What are common cold autoantibodies identified in patients?

Anti-I, anti-H, and anti-HI.

What is recommended for avoiding cold autoantibody reactions during testing?

Use monospecific IgG AHG reagent and prewarm all tubes to 37° C.

What are the three methods of adsorption techniques used for antibody identification?

Rabbit erythrocyte stroma (REST), warm autoadsorption, and differential (allogeneic) adsorption.

What is the typical specificity of warm autoantibodies?

They are often directed towards the Rh system, especially the e antigen.

What can cause the formation of warm autoantibodies?

Idiopathic causes, disease, or medications.

What is elution used for in antibody identification?

To detach IgG when DAT is positive to identify antibodies.

Which drugs are associated with a positive DAT due to drug-dependent mechanisms?

Penicillin and cefotetan.

What complication may arise when phenotyping RBCs coated with IgG?

False positive results due to autoantibody bound to the cells.

What is a critical aspect when managing patients with WAIHA?

Good communication between blood bank, medical director, and attending physician.

What effect does Daratumumab therapy have on transfusion testing?

It interferes with blood bank serologic testing, causing delays.