Hosa prefixes, suffixes, root words

A-, An-

Without (e.g., Anemia)

Anti-

Against (e.g., Antibiotic)

Hyper-

Excessive (e.g., Hypertension)

Hypo-

Deficient (e.g., Hypoglycemia)

Ab-

Away (e.g., Abduction)

Ad-

Toward (e.g., Adduction)

Infra-

Below (e.g., Infraspinatus)

Sub-

Under (e.g., Subcutaneous)

Chlor/o-

Green (e.g., Chlorophyll)

Erythr/o-

Red (e.g., Erythrocyte)

Leuk/o-

White (e.g., Leukocyte)

Melan/o-

Black (e.g., Melanin)

Brady-

Slow (e.g., Bradycardia)

Tachy-

Fast (e.g., Tachycardia)

Dys-

Bad, difficult (e.g., Dysphagia, Dysfunction)

Poly-

Many (e.g., Polyuria, Polydipsia)

-itis

Inflammation (e.g., Arthritis)

-osis

Abnormal condition (e.g., Sclerosis)

-emia

Blood condition (e.g., Anemia)

-pathy

Disease (e.g., Neuropathy)

-ectomy

Removal (e.g., Appendectomy)

-ostomy

Create an opening (e.g., Colostomy)

-otomy

Incision (e.g., Laparotomy)

-scopy

Visual examination (e.g., Endoscopy)

Cardi/o

Heart (e.g., Cardiology)

Pulmon/o

Lung (e.g., Pulmonary)

Hepat/o

Liver (e.g., Hepatitis)

Ren/o, Nephr/o

Kidney (e.g., Renal, Nephrology)

Dermat/o, Cutane/o

Skin (e.g., Dermatitis, Subcutaneous)

My/o

Muscle (e.g., Myopathy)

Oste/o

Bone (e.g., Osteoporosis)

Gastr/o

Stomach (e.g., Gastroscopy)

Encephal/o

Brain (e.g., Encephalitis)

Carcinoma

Cancer of epithelial tissue.

Sarcoma

Cancer of connective tissue.

Ischemia

Lack of blood flow.

Necrosis

Tissue death.

Edema

Swelling caused by fluid accumulation.

-algia, -dynia

Pain (e.g., Neuralgia, Gastrodynia)

-megaly

Enlargement (e.g., Cardiomegaly)

-oma

Tumor or mass (e.g., Carcinoma, Lipoma)

-plasty

Surgical repair (e.g., Rhinoplasty, Angioplasty)

-graphy

Process of recording (e.g., Angiography)

-centesis

Surgical puncture to remove fluid (e.g., Amniocentesis)

-penia

Deficiency (e.g., Leukopenia)