Chapter 7: Memory - PSYCH 101 Study Help

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Inattentive or shallow encoding of events is…

absentmindedness

______ is a long-term memory problem caused by illness, brain damage or trauma, where a person cannot recall a large amount of past information

amnesia

What condition makes people lose the ability to form new memories?

anterograde amnesia

Blocking is…

the temporary inability to remember something

Chunking is when you…

organizing information into meaningful units to make it easier to remember

What is the gradual process of memory storage in the brain called?

consolidation

Someone believes they invented a new idea, but it turns out that idea was an old idea they remembered and forgot where it came from. This is…

cryptomnesia

Encoding is when…

the perception of a stimulus or event is converted into a memory

The idea that any stimulus encoded with an experience can trigger memory of the experience is referred to as…

the encoding specificity principle

Episodic memories are memories from one’s past experiences that are identified by _______.

time & place

Explicit memories are memories that are _____.

consciously retrieved

Flashbulb memories are vivid _____ memories of when you first learned of a shocking or emotional event.

episodic

Implicit memories are memories that are ______.

express through responses, actions or reactions

The storage of information at last from minutes to forever is called…

long-term memory

Synaptic connections are made stronger → postsynaptic neurons more easily activated by presynaptic neurons

What did I just describe?

long-term potentiation (LTP)

Memory is…

the ability to store and retrieve information

Memories may change overtime to become more consistent with your current beliefs or attitudes. This is referred to as…

memory bias

________ are strategies and tips that help you remember information by using recall cues.

mnemonics

When unwanted memories continue to occur that’s…

persistence

When you are better at responding to a stimulus due to being exposed to that stimulus or something similar recently that’s called…

priming

Proactive interference is when…

old information make it harder to remember new information

Implicit memory that involves skills and habits is called…

procedural memory

_________ is remembering to do something in the future.

prospective memory

Reconsolidation is…

the re-storage of memory after retrieval (remembering it again)

If a stimulus promotes memory recall, that stimulus is a…

retrieval cue

Sometimes remembering one thing makes it hard to remember something related later. This is…

retrieval-induced forgetting

Retroactive interference is when…

new information make it harder to remember old information

What condition makes people lose the ability to remember old memories like events, facts, people, or personal information?

_______ help us perceive, organize and understand information in long-term memory.

schemas

Somatic memories or memories for ______.

facts outside of personal experience

Sensory memory is a memory system that…

briefly store sensory information

You’re giving a list of items to memorize can only remember the items earlier on in the items later on. This is ______ which is the idea that the ability to recall something from the list is based on its order.

the serial position effect

Remembering an event, but not remembering where you encountered it is called…

source amnesia

Source misattribution happens when…

you misremember the time, place, person, or circumstances involved with a memory

_______ is the development of biased memories due to misleading information.

suggestibility

• limited capacity

• temporarily stores and manipulates information for current use

What does this describe?

working memory