Human Body Overview

omg guys last unit is here 😱😱

What supports the human body?

What supports the human body?

Endoskeleton

What collects information and evaluates it in the human body?

Nervous system

How is transportation of oxygen and nutrients easier in the human body

It is a closed space

The body protects what?

Internal organs

Vocabulary: Coelom

Cavity that protects internal organs and allows muscles to move without damaging them.

The body keeps the organism in a state of?

Homeostasis (regulates body temp)

Organization of Body

Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system

What is the purpose of specialization

To perform particular functions

Vocabulary: Multipotent Cell

Can form a handful of cells

Vocabulary: Pluripotent Cell

Can form many types of cells

Vocabulary: Totipotent Cell

Can form a whole organism

Vocabulary: Blastocyst

The fertilized egg 5 days after fertilization
Contains ICM, Developing placenta, and a cavity

What are the 4 types of Tissue in the Human Body?

Muscle

Nervous

Epithelial

Connective

Vocabulary: Epithelial Tissue

Glands/Tissues on the interior or exterior of Body
Protection from dehydration
Controls what enters and leaves cells under
Usually one to a few layers thick
Regenerative

What are the three types of Epithelial tissue?

Single - single layer

Stratified - multiple layers

Glandular - secrete a product

What are Epithelial tissues classified by?

Type and Shape

Three shapes of the Epithelial tissue

Squamous - flat

Cuboidal - square/cubed

Columnar - column

Vocabulary: Connective Tissue

Defend the body
Support and connect parts
Accumulates and transports materials

Vocabulary: Microphages

Connective tissue
White blood cell
Engulf and digest microbes

Vocabulary: Lymphocytes

Connective tissue
White blood cell
Make Antibodies
Attack virus-infected cells and cancer cells

Vocabulary: Cartilage and Bones

Connective tissue
Support cells
Support the body
Strong and durable

Vocabulary: Adipocytes

Connective tissue
Transportation cell
Fat cells

Vocabulary: Leucocytes

Connective tissue
Transportation cell
White blood cell

Vocabulary: Erythrocyte

Connective tissue
Transportation cell
Red blood cell

Vocabulary: Nervous Tissue

Conduct signals rapidly
includes neurons

Vocabulary: Neuron

Nervous Tissue
Nerve cells that send messages all over your body

Vocabulary: Muscle Tissue

Permits movement

What are the three types of Muscle Tissue?

Smooth

Cardiac

Skeletal

Vocabulary: Smooth Muscles

Muscle tissue
In the stomach and intestines
help with digestion and nutrient collection

Vocabulary: Cardiac Muscles

Muscle tissue
In the heart
Pumps blood!! (obviously..)

Vocabulary: Skeletal Muscles

Muscle tissue
Move limbs
Contract to allow for movement

Why is Homeostasis important?

Provides stable internal environment

What part of the brain plays a major role in homeostasis regulation?

Hypothalamus

Vocabulary: Feedback Loops

A biological occurrence (stimuli) where the output of a system causes a change in the system.

2 types of feedback: Positive and Negative

Vocabulary: Negative feedback

Prevents deviation
From set point, back to original (normal) point

Example: maintaining body temperature.

Vocabulary: Positive feedback

Increases distance from set point

Example: Blood clotting

Vocabulary: Electrical Signals

Travel through neurons
Fast communication

Vocabulary: Chemical Signals

Hormones and other chemicals in the body
Slower communication, but response lasts longer

What is an organ?

A combination of tissues, carries out a task

What is an Organ System?

A group of organs that completes a task

How many Organ Systems are there in the human body?

11

System that covers the body and blocks out pathogens

Integumentary System

System that allows movement in the body

Muscular System

System that supports the body

Skeletal System

System that releases hormones into the body

Endocrine System

System that sends signals throughout the body

Nervous System

System involved in producing offspring

Reproductive System

System that transports materials throughout the body

Circulatory System

System that fights off infections and disease

Immune System

System that takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide

Respiratory System

System that is involved in making nutrients from food

Digestive System

System that releases waste from the body

Excretory System