Lesson 1: Types of Power Plants PPD

power plant

is a facility that generates electricity by converting other forms of energy into electricity.

Power stations

are generally connected to an electrical power grid.

electric power grid

is a network of power plants, transmission lines, substations, and distribution lines that deliver electricity to consumers

Renewable power plants

use energy sources that can be replenished.

Non-renewable power plants

use energy sources that cannot be easily replenished.

combustion

Coal, oil, and natural gas (fossil fuels) are used to generate electricity by

Uranium by nuclear fission

to utilize their heat for boiling water and rotating steam turbine

Hydroelectric Power Plants

uses the flow of water to generate electricity.

Geothermal power plants

uses heat energy from the earth's crust to generate electricity

Wind power plants

uses wind to generate electricity.

Solar power plants

uses sunlight to generate electricity.

Biomass power plants

usually uses agricultural crops and residues as fuel to generate electricity

Tidal power plants

use the movement of tides to generate electricity. is sometimes considered a type of hydropower.

Wave power plants

use the energy of ocean waves to generate electricity.

Steam Power Plant

It is the power plant which is used to generate electricity by the use steam turbine.

pulverized coal-fired power plant

is a thermal power station (or steam power plant) which burns coal to generate electricity

374.14 C 22.09 MPa

Subcritical steam power plants operates at a temperature below —- and steam pressure below —-

45-47% 33-38%

Super critical steam power plants operates above the critical point. They have higher efficiencies of around —- compared to —- for subcritical plants due to higher turbine inlet temperatures and pressures

screw conveyors and grab buckets

are used in the coal unloading process from bulk carrier

stacker

moves coal from a transfer tower to a stockpile location.

reclaimer

retrieves coal from a stockpile or storage area and transfer it to the power plant.

water tube boiler

the water is contained inside tubes, and the hot gases from the burner pass around the outside of the tubes.

fire tube boiler

the hot gases from the burner pass through the tubes, heating the water that surrounds the tubes.

Fire box or Furnace

A chamber where coal is burned to create heat

Tube-lined walls

Walls lined with tubes that prevent the fire box from melting

Riser tubes

are tubes that carries a water/steam mixture with a lower density than the downcomer tubes.

Steam drum

A chamber where steam separates from liquid water and collects.

Superheater

is a coil type heat exchanger which is used to produce superheated steam or to convert the wet steam to dry steam, generated by a boiler.

Air preheater

is a heat exchanger that heats the air before it enters a boiler. It's installed in the boiler's exit flue gas duct.

circulating fluidized bed boiler

use a cyclone to recirculate the bed material, which improves combustion efficiency. Fine particles are circulated throughout the furnace.

DeNOx system

reduces nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from the boilers.

ammonia or urea

DeNOx systems use ——- to treat flue gas.

Selective Catalytic Reduction and Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction

The two main types of DeNOx systems are:

Electrostatic precipitators

control the emission of suspended particulates and fly ash. are typically 99– 99.9% efficient at removing particulate matter

Flue gas desulfurization system

removes sulfur dioxide and other pollutants from the flue gas.

once-through cooling (OTC)

Coal-fired power plants discharge cooling water back into the ocean through outlet or discharge channels.

Cooling towers

are used as a means to lessen thermal pollution from coal plants.

Thermal pollution

is the degradation of water quality by any process that changes ambient water temperature

3 C

Then Philippines Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) identified a maximum allowable temperature rise above ambient temperature of —- in the mixing zone.