GLOBAL POLITICS - Topic 3 (DEVELOPMENT + SUSTAINABILITY)

Development - DRC case study (supporting or counter (M23))

UNDP (IGO) partnered with DRC on dev program (2024 as of) - $1.66 billion cost so far. (Establishment of modern healthcare and facilities and schools in rural areas)

631 infrastructure and 334 primary schools, 245 health centers in 9 provinces.

Despite efforts, development measured in DRC remains low. HDI rankings and reports still rank the DRC 180 out of 191 countries. GNI rising. 42 in 2021 to 44 in 2024 ohno!

ANOTHER

collab with Wildlife Works (NGO) ( 2011 Mai Ndombe Project)

goal to protect 300,000 hectares of rainforest in the DRC.

• Logging has been halted in the Mai Ndombe forest

• 12 schools built

• 18 health clinics + 1 hospital

• 300 local jobs created

• $900 million per year for climate refuge

theory: modernisation theory (industrialised) + dependency? (west exploit)

Development - Rwanda case study (supporting)

World Vision (NGO) fund Mission (2027) program - 93% of children now vaccinated. Aid investment in WASH by $50 million. SUS (9, 3, 6). 1.3 million people aided with clean water.

ANOTHER

UNDP (IGO) Green Amayaga Project (2020) - 35,500 hectares of land restored. benefiting over 414,000 people (61% women) with sustainable farming and clean cooking technologies. SUS (5, 7, 6, 15)

theory: sustainable development theory + capability + human development

Development - Indonesia case study (supporting or counter (6th inequ))

Exports of nickel in 2022 gained US $30 billion.

GNP at $338 billion as of 2023, economic boom.

4.8 million new jobs created in 2024 alone, tourism created 500,000 new jobs.

World Bank approved US $200 million in financing to support the Government of Indonesia's efforts to expand its social assistance program.

Despite, Indonesia ranked 6th in wealth inequality worldwide + 58% of all tropical deforestation

theory: neoliberalism (free market) + modernization

Development - China case study (supporting or counter (ghg’s))

globalization - China's GDP from 368 billion yuan to 1.3 trillion in 50 years.

600 million people to be lifted out of poverty.

Foreign direct investment reaching 189 billion by 2022

China's exports have grown from $266 billion to over $2.5 trillion in 15 years.

Despite, 34% of the entire world GHG and carbon emissions are emitted from China. Released 12.3 billion metric tons of CO2.

theory: state capitalism!! + sustainable development counter.

Development - Costa Rica case study (supporting)

Tranformation to renewable energy 95% renewable, 88% low carbon. 14% tourism, doubled in year. Povery 26%-15% in 5 years. 4% annual GDP growth rate, now $95 billion

theory: sustainable development + human development