Gothic Cathedral Final

Tuscany

A country of various politcal names, assembled in the middle ages and dominated by city states, center north of italy.

Saint Dominic

Founder of the Dominican Order, lived at the same time as Francis. Famous for learneing and preaching; saved people from heterodoxy while predicted orthodox belief.

Dominican Order

Mendicant order dedicated to study, teaching, and preaching

Franciscan Order

Mendicant order focused on humility, poverty, and care for the poor

Friars

Members of mendicant orders who preach and serve in the community

Lombardy

Northern Italian region; known for its Romanesque and Gothic architecture.

Mosque

Muslim house of worship

Minaret

Towers intended to facilitate the calling of prayer

Casa (ca’)

Italian word for house; the Foscaru golden family house

Holy Roman Empire

Central European empire (962-1806) that claimed to revive the Roman legacy.

Conrad II

Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1027-1039); began the Salian dynasty.

Helm Towers

Standalone towers on top for a cathedral, adorned with copper caps that slant downwards; similar to helmets of the medieval times

Corbel Tables

The little tables on the underside of the string course

Brick Gothic/Backsteingotik

Uses bricks instead of stone, known for its tall towers, pointed arches, and decorative elements

Cell/Diamond Vault

Diagonal ribs create a diamond pattern, adding elegance and height while allowing more light in

Historicist

Style that imitates historical forms, common in 19th-century architecture.

Neo-Gothic/Gothic Revival

19th-century architectural movement that revived Gothic forms and decoration.

Charles IV

Luxembourg Dynasty; The person who brought the position of Holy Roman Emperor to prague.

Matthew of Arras

Imported French High Gothic style into Bohemia,emphasizing geometric clarity; e.x. St. Vitus Cathedral

Peter Parler

Succeeded Matthew of Arras; Shifted from French High Gothic to an experimental gothic style in central Europe. Ex. St. Vitus Cathedral (Vaults, Triforium, Upper Choir)/ Charles Bridge.

Saint Wenceslas

Lived in the ninth century, cathedral dedicated to him

Benedikt Ried

Gothic architect; known for combining precise engineering with ornate gothic details; e.x. St. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna

Protestant Reformation

16th century religious movement that challenged the Catholic Church; led to creation of Protestant churches; e.x. the removal of altarpieces and statues from churches in Germany and Switzerland.

Al Andalus

The name for the area under islamic control at a certain time in spain

Reconquista

 Words for christan use "conquering the southern half of Spain”

Spolia

The use of parts that already exist; i.e. Spoils of war in architectural terms

Horseshoe Arch

Arch type shaped like horse shoe, more than semi circle

Poly-lobed

Arch with mulitple lobes or multiple arches.

Muqarnas

An Islamic decorative feature forming a honeycomb pattern in ceiling and vaults; E.x. Hall of the Abencerrajes

King Alfonso VIII

King of Castile; Ruled 1158-1214; supported construction of Gothic Cathedrals in Spain. Funded and promoted building projects like Toldeo Cathedral, brinign the French Gothic Style to the Iberian Peninsula

Plateresque

A type of decoration where there are little niches are piled and layered ontop of one another; can be articulated over an archway