Urinalysis Lab (copy)

Normal pH of urine

Normal pH of urine

Between 4.5 to 8.0

Urine Casts

Precipitate of proteins and agglutination of cells within the renal tubules

Urine crystals

Urine sediment, type of crystal or amorphous compound depends on pH and osmolality of the urine

Albumin in the urine can indicate

A kidney malfunction, kidneys should filter albumin and glucose out of waste back to the blood

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Failure of the body to produce the enzyme necessary to oxidize phenylalanine to tyrosine

What did Benedict’s test detect?

Sugar in the urine

What did Biuret’s test detect?

Protein in the urine

Normal color of urine

Pale yellow to amber, depending on concentration of the pigment urochrome

Pale yellow urine

Can indicate diabetes insipidus, granular kidney, or ingestion of large amounts of water

Milky urine color

May be caused by fat globules or pus corpuscles, UTI

Red urine color

May be due to food pigments or blood

Green urine

May indicate bile pigment (jaundice) or bacterial infection (Pseudomonas)

Brown/Black Urine

May indicate phenol or metallic poisonings or hemorrhages due to renal injury or malaria

UTI Crystal Type and pH

Triphosphate, Alkaline

Diabetes Mellitus crystal type and pH

Calcium Oxalate, Acidic

Chronic nephritis crystal type and pH

Uric acid, acidic