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Homeostasis
The process by which biological systems maintain stability while adjusting to changing conditions.
Thyroid Hormones
Hormones produced by the thyroid gland, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), that regulate metabolism.
Cortisol
A glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal glands that helps regulate metabolism and immune response.
Somatostatin
A hormone produced by the pancreas that inhibits the release of other hormones, including insulin and glucagon.
Glycogen
A stored form of glucose primarily found in the liver and muscles, utilized for energy when needed.
Pituitary Gland
The master gland of the endocrine system that regulates other glands and produces hormones such as growth hormone and TSH.
Adrenal Medulla
The inner part of the adrenal glands which produces catecholamines like epinephrine and norepinephrine in response to stress.
Insulin Resistance
A condition in which cells in the body become less responsive to insulin, often leading to Type 2 Diabetes.
Oxytocin
A hormone produced by the hypothalamus that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding.
Diabetes Mellitus
A group of diseases characterized by high blood glucose levels due to insulin production or action issues.
Lipid-Soluble Hormones
Hormones that can pass through cell membranes easily and often bind to intracellular receptors, examples include steroid hormones.
Water-Soluble Hormones
Hormones that cannot easily cross cell membranes and typically bind to receptors on the cell surface, examples include peptide hormones.