Carbohydrates - Retrieval Questions 2

What are the specific bonds in starch?

Glycosidic

Why is it good that cellulose is strong?

Stops cells from bursting when too much water enters the cells by osmosis.
It makes the cells turgid.

Why is it good that polysaccharides are insoluble?

It allows them to be good for storage.

What is the purpose of chitin in fungi?

To strengthen the cell walls.

Why is starch insoluble?

So that it doesn't effect osmosis.

What are polysaccharides?

Very large, insoluble molecules.

What is maltose composed of?

glucose + glucose

What is the shape of the chitin chains?

Straight

How many carbons are in fructose?

Six / Hexose

How many carbons are in deoxyribose?

Five / Pentose

Which cells is starch found in?

Plants

What is the structure of cellulose?

Not branched, straight

Give three examples of monosaccharides?

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

How is cellulose strong?

Because it has thousands of hydrogen bonds.
Although individually hydrogen bonds are weak, together they are strong.

How many carbons are in hexoses?

Six

What is the most complex carbohydrates?

Polysaccharides

Why is starch large?

So that it doesn't diffuse out of the cell.

What is oligosaccharide?

A chain smaller than ten monosaccharides.

Why is glycogen insoluble?

So that it doesn't affect osmosis.

How many carbons are in galactose?

Six / Hexose