APES Unit 5 Test Multiple Choice

The tragedy of the commons can be prevented by

The use of harvest permits

Which is not an example of an externality

The use of national forests by private companies

The maximum sustainable yield of a population usually occurs

At half the carrying capacity

What type of protected land might allow limited mining?

A managed resource protected area

Which is not a problem in rangeland management?

The high cost of grazing permits

Which is used to reduce the impact of timber harvesting?

Selective cutting

Which is NOT a cause of urban sprawl?

Mixed land use

The creation of walkable neighborhoods is

A principal of smart growth

Which is NOT an example of the tragedy of the commons?

Depletion of soil minerals on private land

This graph shows the population growth of the common pheasant, one of the worlds most hunted birds. On the graph, X represents

See page 268

Maximum sustainable yield

Which type of protected area is least likely to support tourism and recreation?

Habitat/species management areas

For many years, forest fires were suppressed to protect lives and property. This policy has led to

A buildup of dead biomass that can fuel larger fires

When we purchase an item, we are charged for the labor and supply costs of producing an item. However, we are not charged for the costs of any environmental damage that occurred in manufacturing that item. Those costs are known as

Externalities

Which is not an environmental consequence of clear cutting?

Increased fish populations due to the influx of nutrients into streams

Which are the environmental impacts of urban sprawl?

Greater reliance on the auto mobile and increased fossil fuel consumption

Increased consumption of land for housing and highway construction

Loss of valuable farmlands

Which has contributed to urban sprawl over the past 50 years?

Use of the federal gasoline tax to construct and maintain highways

Which is NOT an environmental benefit of smart growth?

Increased impervious surfaces

Which is NOT likely to lead to a tragedy of the commons?

A ranch that chargers farmers to board their horses

The graph shows the population growth of bighorn sheep through time for a 10 km^2 plot without predators. In a more realistic scenario with both sheep and wolf predators, how man bighorn sheep can hunters harvest without comprising the future of the sheep population.

10

Which is NOT an outcome of a prescribed forest burn?

Maximum carbon storage in the forest is achieved

Exurban communities are similar to

Suburban communities not connected to any central city

One US city recently held a town hall meeting to decide on the best way to address the growing problems of urban sprawl. Several suggestions were considered. Which suggestion does not follow the EPAS principles of smart growth?

Provide public transportation for routes that circle the city in order to encourage driving of personal cars within the city

Which is NOT an example of an externality?

Increased housing development in coastal areas

The Galapagos, which is actively maintained to protect native flora and fauna, is an example of a

Habitat/species management area

Undernutrition means

Not consuming a sufficient number of calories

Anemia, the most widespread nutritional deficiency is the result of insufficient

Iron

The primary reason for malnutrition is

Poverty

The Green Revolution

Encouraged the use of monocropping

Broad spectrum pesticides

Are likely to kill beneficial insects

Bycatch

Is common in large scale fishing

Which is NOT a benefit of genetically modified organisms?

Increased genetic diversity

Which agricultural method is most similar to intercropping?

Agroforestry

Which agricultural method is used to prevent erosion?

Contour plowing

Which is NOT a principle of organic farming?

Avoid the use of fossil fuels

Which is a part of integrated pest management?

Crop rotation

Which does not explain the rise of the modern farming system?

Small farms are usually more profitable than large farms

Irrigation can result in which of the following environmental problems

Accumulation of salts in soil and water-logging of soil and plant roots

The use of synthetic fertilizers increases crop yields but

Increases nutrient runoff into bordering surface waters

Which statement best describes the pesticide treadmill?

Some pest populations evolve resistance to pesticides, which becomes less effective over time so that new pesticides must be developed

How did the Green Revolution increase food production?

Disease resistant & high yielding crops

Monocropping & machinery

Fertilizers & irrigation

What is an environmental advantage of no till agriculture?

The undisturbed soil is less susceptible to erosion

Which practice is NOT part of integrated pest management?

Elimination of pesticides

Farmers who practice organic agriculture have less of an impact on the environment than farmers who practice industrial agriculture because they

Avoid pesticides and fertilizers

Critics of gmos as food crops are concerned about

Intro of allergens and loss of genetic diversity

CAFOS can be best described as

Facilities where a large number of animals are housed and fed in a confined space

Which is NOT an environmental or health problem that has been associated with CAFOS?

Overgrazing

Which is an environmental impact of bycatch?

Nontarget fish populations have declined

What is a primary benefit of perennial plants

Decreased erosion

Reasons for global malnutrition include all of the following except

Natural disasters

Determination of maximum sustainable yield is most likely to be useful for which type of land

Habitat management area

Which is NOT a consideration that guides the regulation of pubic land use in the United States?

Profits to private companies

For several decades, managers if a forest in West Virginia have selectively logged oak trees in a mixed forest that contains primarily oak and hickory? Which of the following is likely to happen over time?

There will be an increase in the abundance of shade tolerant trees

A section of a heavily forested area in a rural part of the northeastern United States is clear cut and the trees are removed. Which of the following would you not expect to as a result?

Increased habitat diversity

Due to the economies of scale, it is economically beneficial for

An owner of a small farm shares equipment with neighboring farms

Monocropping generally requires more _______ than intercropping

Fertiliation & irrigation

Which of the following is NOT true regarding GMOS in crops?

GMO crops eliminated the pesticide treadmill

Which factor has NOT contributed to the collaps of ocean fisheries

Use of international transferable quotas