biological molecules

Where is the hydroxyl group on an alpha glucose molecule?

Below the central cabon 1 atom

What two monosaccharides make up sucrose

Glucose + Fructose

What two monosaccharides make up lactose?

Glucose + Galactose

What is starch?

A Storage molecule inside of plant cells

What is Glycogen?

Storage molecule found inside of animals

What is cellulose?

Structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls

What are the two types of starch?

Amylose and Amylopectin

What bond is formed between two monosaccharides?

Glycosidic bonds

What is the structure of ATP?

Adenine, Ribose and three inorganic phosphate groups.

What is Phosphorylation?

The process of a phosphate ion bonding to a different compound to make it more reactive.

What is the role of hydrogen ions?

They determine the pH and can donate hydrogen ions to lower the pH.

What is the role of iron ions?

They are a component of haemoglobin and the Fe2+ ions bind to oxygen in the blood.

What are sodium ions used for?

They are used in co-transport of glucose and amino acids in the small intestine

What are phosphate ions a component of?

DNA and ATP.

What is DNA comprised of?

Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group and an organic base.