(16) Amines and Amides

ch18

What are amines?

organic derivatives of ammonia in which one or more of the three hydrogens of NH3 have been replaced by alkyl ( R ) or aromatic groups

How are amines similar to alcohols?

May be designated as primary, secondary or tertiary depending on the position of the attachement of the nitrogen

What is the general formula of amines?

R-NH2

What are amines characterized by?

A strong, fish like odor

Where do amines come from?

products of proteins and other nitrogenous animal and plant substances

What are ptomaines?

INtermediate products of decomp (products of proteins and other nitrogeneous animal and plant substances)
-ptoma means corpse in greek

What are some examples of ptomaines?

-Putrescine
-Cadaverine

Why are ammonia and amines (its derivative substances) basic?

presence of unshared electrons

What causes bodies to neutralize HCHO?

Alkalinity which happens as a cause of excessive amines build up and the build up of other nitrogenous wastes

What are amides?

Products of the reaction of amines and carboxylic acids. They are an ammonium salt.

How are amides named?

Replacing the ic suffix at the end of an acid with amide

What is urea?

Waste product of human protein metabolism secreted into the blood by the liver and is selectively absorbed and excreted into the urine by the kidneys

When all hydrogens of an amine have been replaced with a hydrogen ion, an alkyl group or an aromatic group, what is formed?

quaternary ammonium ion
Compounds derived from such are called quaternary ammonium salts

What makes some quaternary ammonium salts useful in detergents?

They can have disinfectant properties. Soap will render any alkaline substance useless. Reaction between the cation of a quat and the anion of soap molecules produces an insoluble salt, which removes the quat from the solution.