Unit 11: The Vietnam War Era

0.0(0)
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/81

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

82 Terms

1
New cards

When was the Vietnam War Era?

1965-1975

2
New cards

How did this era affect the community in the US?

It was torn apart; people had different views during the war

3
New cards

What were the 2 perspective of the Vietnam War?

  1. It was folly, dumb

  2. It was heroic

4
New cards

For what reasons did people believe the Vietnam war was folly?

  • It was impossible to win; Vietnam was fighting for their home

  • There was nothing for the USA to gain

  • The US Government lied and withheld information from the American people

5
New cards

For what reasons did people believe the Vietnam war was heroic?

  • The US was fighting for the freedom of the Vietnamese

  • They were stopping the spread of communist dictatorships

  • The US could have won if they dedicated more resources and had the support of the American people

6
New cards

What is a War of Attrition?

A prolonged war to see who gives up 1st; nothing to gain from the war

7
New cards

What was the 1st country that attempted to conquer Vietnam? When?

China, 1st Century

8
New cards

Did China successfully conquer Vietnam in the 1st century?

No

9
New cards

What was the 2nd country to attempt to conquer Vietnam? When?

France, in the 1860s-1880s

10
New cards

Why did France conquer Indochina (Vietnam)?

They wanted rubber from their trees to make tires. (Money maker)

11
New cards

What was French-conquered Vietnam and other countries called?

French Indochina

12
New cards

How did France scare Vietnam to stop resisting their conquer?

They cut off the heads of resisting Viets

13
New cards

What was the capital of Vietnam during French Indochina?

Hanoi (Northern Vietnam)

14
New cards

What decision did the Viets have to make when France conquered them?

Whether to embrace or resist French influence

15
New cards

What were French Schools in Vietnam?

Schools in Vietnam where the Vietnamese could adapt French culture and assimilate.

16
New cards

Why did some Viets decide to adapt French culture?

It gave them more opportunities under the rule of the French

17
New cards

What was the traditional religion of Vietnam?

Buddhism

18
New cards

What was the dominant religion of France?

Catholicism

19
New cards

What religion switch did Viets have to do in order to adapt French culture?

Buddhism → Catholicism

20
New cards

What year was the Paris Peace Conference?

1919

21
New cards

What was the significance of the Paris Peace Conference to Vietnam?

If France had let go of Vietnam in 1919, the Vietnam war would not have happened

22
New cards

What happened during the Paris Peace Conference in relation to Vietnam?

After WW1, Wilson’s 14 points recommended France and Britain to let go of their colonies, but they said no

23
New cards

What did Ho Chi Minh do in 1919?

He went to Paris to meet Wilson during the Paris Peace Conference to convince him to get France to release Vietnam

24
New cards

Did Ho Chi Minh meet Wilson in 1919?

No

25
New cards

What did Ho Chi Minh do after he failed to meet Wilson in 1919?

He traveled the world (NYC and Boston)

26
New cards

What did Ho Chi Minh do in 1923?

He asked Soviets for support to drive out the French

27
New cards

How did the USSR respond to Ho Chi Minh’s ask of support in 1923? Why?

They said np, because he wasn’t communist

28
New cards

What happened to Vietnam in 1942 (WW2)?

Japan takes over Indochina

29
New cards

How was Japan able to take over Vietnam and all of East Asia during WW2?

Their ally, Germany, had taken over France

30
New cards

What was the “Asia is for Asians” Campaign?

A propaganda campaign run by Japan after taking over East Asia in which they kicked out all white people

31
New cards

Why did Japan kick out all white people from East Asia?

They claimed it was to stop racism

32
New cards

What did Japan do after conquering East Asia in WW2?

The kicked out all white people

33
New cards

What was hypocritical about Japan’s “Asia for Asians” campaign?

Japan treated Asia worse and more racist than the Europeans did

34
New cards

How did Japan treat East Asia in WW2?

Rape of Nanking & Starvation

35
New cards

What did Japan do to Vietnam in WW2?

They took rice from the Vietnamese and starved 2 million people (Out of 8 million)

36
New cards

How did Vietnam learn to fight Japan during WW2?

Hit and Run Guerrilla Warfare

37
New cards

What was the Viet Minh?

A military group in 1942 who used Guerrilla Warfare to fight Japan.

38
New cards

How did the Viet Minh fight Japan?

Guerrilla Warfare: Hid underground in the jungle and used spikes to stab people, used poisonous snakes

39
New cards

When did Japan withdraw from Vietnam? Why?

1945, because the USA devastated Japan

40
New cards

Who was General Giáp?

He was a Vietnamese military leader (Viet Minh)

41
New cards

What was Hit and Run Guerrilla Warfare?

A fighting tactic used by smaller armies to fight a bigger and stronger enemy

42
New cards

When WW2 was over (1945), who did the Americans meet?

The Viet Minh (Ho Chi Minh & General Giáp)

43
New cards

What was the OSS?

The predecessor to the CIA

44
New cards

What was the relationship between Vietnam and the US right after WW2?

The both fought Japan; they were friends

45
New cards

What did Ho Chi Minh write in 1945 for the independence of Vietnam?

The Vietnamese Declaration of Independence

46
New cards

What did the Vietnamese Declaration of Independence say?

  • It was pro-American

  • It said how alike Vietnam is to the US

  • Called upon the US to help Vietnam be free from France

47
New cards

What did France want after WW2?

They wanted Indochina back

48
New cards

Who was the US president after WW2?

Harry S. Truman

49
New cards

What decision did Truman have to make after WW2?

Whether to support Vietnam’s independence or France’s reconquer

50
New cards

What was Truman’s decision on who to support in 1945?

He chose the support France and their reconquest of Vietnam

51
New cards

What was the USA’s biggest mistake leading up to the Vietnam war?

Supporting France and their reconquest of Vietnam

52
New cards

Who offers to support Ho Chi Minh and Giáp with military supplies after the U.S. turns against Vietnam?

Stalin and the USSR

53
New cards

After support from the USSR, what does Ho Chi Minh and Giáp become? Why?

Communist, because they want independence

54
New cards

When was the 1st Indochina war?

1946-1954

55
New cards

Who fought in the first Indochina war?

France vs Viet Minh

56
New cards

When did China and the USSR begin providing weapons to the Viet Minh?

1950

57
New cards

Who did France go to for help while fighting the Viet Minh?

USA

58
New cards

How did the US respond to the USSR’s support of the Viet Minh?

They provided $2 Billion to France

59
New cards

What is a phrase to describe France’s experience fighting in Vietnam’s jungle?

The Viet Minh were “ghost soldiers” because they were “everywhere and nowhere”

60
New cards

After struggling to fight the Viet Minh in the jungle, what does France do?

They build a fortress

61
New cards

What was the fortress that France built in Vietnam called?

Dien Bien Phu

62
New cards

What was Dien Bien Phu?

A French fortress in North Vietnam

63
New cards

What did the French use Dien Bien Phu for?

They kept their military there, and they released planes to bomb areas in the North where the Viet Minh were

64
New cards

What did Ho Chi Minh and General Giáp do to Dien Bien Phu?

They took it over with cannons that shot planes down and trapped the French inside the fortress

65
New cards

How long was the Battle of Dien Bien Phu? When?

55 days in 1954

66
New cards

What were the numbers in the Battle of Dien Bien Phu?

64,000 Viet Minh vs. 20,000 French

67
New cards

What is a quote about the battle of Dien Bien Phu?

“At Dien Bien Phu, the French don’t know what to do”

68
New cards

How does the Viet Minh chase France out of Vietnam?

In the battle of Dien Bien Phu, they trap and starve the French while forcing them to do hand to hand combat

69
New cards

What event in 1954 causes France to leave Vietnam?

The Battle of Dien Bien Phu

70
New cards

What year is Vietnam free from France?

1954

71
New cards

Once France leaves Vietnam, what is the USA concerned about?

Communism in Vietnam, they don’t want it to become another communist country

72
New cards

What was the reason for the Geneva Convention in 1954?

The US was concerned about Vietnam becoming a communist country once independent, so representative from all around the world met to discuss Vietnam

73
New cards

What 2 decisions were made at the Geneva Convention of 1954?

  1. Vietnam was divided along the 17th parallel

  2. Mandated free elections in South Vietnam

74
New cards

What was Vietnam divided along after the Geneva Convention of 1954?

The 17th parallel

75
New cards

What was the state of North Vietnam after the Geneva Convention?

  • Communist

  • Angry because they fought for their WHOLE country

76
New cards

What was the state of South Vietnam after the Geneva Convention of 1954?

  • Democratic

  • Special Forces from the US were sent there to protect democracy

77
New cards

What was hypocritical about the mandated free elections in South Vietnam?

Ho Chi Minh was still revered for freeing Vietnam, so in reality they were only allowed anti-communist elections

78
New cards

Who was the president of the US in 1954?

Eisenhower

79
New cards

What was Eisenhower’s “Domino Theory?”

If we let one nation in South East Asia fall to communism, they will all fall

80
New cards

What guides American foreign policy in South East Asia?

The Domino Theory

81
New cards

Why does the US fight in Vietnam?

“The Domino Theory”; the fear that if one country in SE Asia falls to communism, they all will fall

82
New cards