ch14

What are the four main factors that affect reaction rates?

1. Physical state of the reactants, 2. Reactant concentrations, 3. Reaction temperature, 4. The presence of a catalyst.

What are the units for reaction rate?

M/s, which represents change in concentration measured in molarity over a time interval in seconds.

What does a greater slope on a molarity versus time graph indicate?

A greater instantaneous rate of reaction.

What is the rate constant (k) units for a first-order reaction?

s^-1 (per second).

How does the reaction rate behave in a zero-order reaction?

The reaction proceeds at a constant rate regardless of the amount of reactant present.

What happens in a first-order reaction when the reactant concentration doubles?

The rate of reaction also doubles.

What is the relationship in a second-order reaction when the reactant concentration doubles?

The rate of reaction quadruples.

Define the differential rate law.

It expresses the rate of a reaction and depends on concentration.

What are the three factors that the Arrhenius equation considers?

1. Fraction of molecules possessing activation energy or greater, 2. Number of collisions per second, 3. Fraction of collisions that have the appropriate orientation.

What occurs during adsorption in heterogeneous catalysis?

The binding of molecules to the surface of the catalyst.

What type of reactions can give rate law?

Elementary reactions (only a single step-unimolecular) can give rate law bc they are simple however rate laws cannot be determined if u balanced an equation (must be experimentally found)

How do diatomics contribute to molecularity?

They dont. its counted as one

what phase isnt used in rate laws?

-In a rate law, we only include reactants that are gases or in solution (aqueous). this is bc for pure liquids, concentration stays constant and does not influence the reaction rate.

Wha do smaller droplets mean for the rate of the rection?

The smaller the droplets, the greater the surface area exposed and the faster the reaction