Exam 1 Study Guide

which of the following provides the energy source for speech

respiratory system

the phonatory subsystem provides which of the following

the coaching source for speech sounds

the articulatory subsystem provides which of the following

the acoustic filter system for speech sounds

the ervous system provides which of the following

all of the above, control of resperation, control of phonation, control of articulation

the auditory system provides which of the following

processing acoustic information

which term refers to the study of the structure of an organism a

anatomy

which term refers to the study of the function of an organism

physiology

which term refers to the study of the function of the structures of hearing

auditory physiology

which of the following deals with development of the organism from conception to adulthood

developmental anatomy

which of the following will help us understand the effects of respiratory diseases, such as emphysema, upon speech function

pathological anatomy

which is the study of the dorm and function of muscle

myology

which of the following is the study of diseases of the nervous system

neurology

what is the type of tissue that links structures together

connective tissue

what tissue is specialized for communication

Nervous tissue

what is a tissue type that provides the cushion between vertebrae of the spinal column

fibrocartilage

what is a sheet like membrane of connective tissue that surrounds organs

fascia

what provides a means of attaching muscle to bone or cartilage

tenndons

what is particularly important combination of connective tissues, because it has unique properties of strength and elasticity

cartilage

what contains collagenous fibers, providing the cushion between the vertebrae of the spinal column, as well as the mating surface for the temporomandibular joint between the lower jaw and the skull

fibrocartilage

what is the hardest of the connective tissue

bone

what is the point of attachment of the muscle that is relatively mobile

insertion

what is the point of attachment of a muscle that has the least movement

origin

what section is one in which there are front and back halves

frontal and coronal

what section divides the body into right and left halves

sagittal

what section divides the body into upper and lower portions

transverse

what term refers to the back surface of the body whether erect, supine, or prone

posterior

what term refers to the belly of an erect human

ventral

what term refers to the back of an erect human

dorsal

what type of tissue may have cilia

epithelial tissue

what type of tissue makes up the linings of the cavities of the body

epithelial tissue

what type of tissue is found between muscles and as a thin membranous sheet between organs

areolar/ loose connective tissue

In this type of ossification, osteoblasts differentiate directly within the mesenchyme

intramembranous

in this type of ossification, cartilage cells will be covered to bone

endochondral

this embryonic stucture will become the eye

optic vesicle

this embryonic structure will become the inner ear

otic vesicle

this is term for the primordial blood vessel tissue

angioblasts

this is the type of cell that migrates to form the structures of the face and neck

neural crest

this is term for the system of arches that ultimately gives rise to the structures of the face and neck

branchial (or pharyngeal)

this is the prenatal period that spans weeks 3-8 following fertilization of the egg

embryonic period

this is the prenatal period that spans weeks 9-37

fetal period

this is the structure develops from cells of the primitive streak

notochord

this embryonic tissue layer will develop into the lungs

endoderm

this term refers to the primitive mouth

stomodeum

which of the following is the primary purpose of respiration?

respiration provides the means of gas exchange between an organism and it’s environment

what term refers to twisting of a shaft while not permitting one end to move

torque

what forces cause the rib cage to return tor sting position following elevation of the rib cage

elasticity, gravity, kinetic energy

what is the term for the air that cannot be expelled during expiration

residual volume

which respiratory structure are important for their high elasticity

lungs and cartilage

adults have larger respiratory capacity than infants. which reason best explains this capacity difference

adults have a larger thorax and the adult lung is stretched to fill the thorax

which of the following best describes what happens when the lungs expand

expansion of the thorax causes the lungs to expand as a function of the negative intraplural pressure between the partial and visceral plurae

by what age do the lungs have full compliment of alveoli

8 years old

which of the following statements best describes what happens during inspiration

the muscles of inspiration contract, causing the thorax to increase in volume and the muscles of the abdomen relax, allowing expansion of the diaphragm into the abdominal space

what characteristic of cartilage makes it appropriate and beneficial for the use in the respiratory passageway

cartilage is highly elastic

transglottal flow stops completely when…..

when the vocal folds are tightly adducted and during phonation when the vocal folds make contact and when we hold our breath

what is the range of respiratory cycles per minute in quiet tidal respiration of an adult

12 to 18

when measuring volume

use spirometer

pwhen measuring pressure

use manometer

tidal volume

volume exchanged during quiet breathing

Inspiratory reserve volume

extra inhalation air after quiet resting breathing (take a breath and than an additional one)

expiratory reserve volume

when you breathe out and then out again and a little more air comes out

residual volume

even after you do the push out it is what is still left in your lungs (why you float when you die)

dead air

extra air never undergoes gas exchange