12 - Nixon

This set of flashcards covers major events, policies, and legislation from the Nixon to Reagan administrations.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

A domestic agency created under Nixon's presidency to protect human health and the environment.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

A domestic agency established under Nixon to ensure safe and healthful working conditions.

Endangered Species Act

Major environmental law passed under Nixon aimed at protecting threatened and endangered species.

Clean Air Act

Significant legislation passed under Nixon to regulate air emissions and improve air quality.

Civil Rights Enforcement during Nixon

Nixon's administration did little to enforce civil rights, shifting focus away from enforcement.

Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg

Supreme Court decision that allowed busing to achieve school integration.

Title IX

Major gender equality law passed in 1972 that increased women's access to education.

Equal Credit Opportunity Act of 1973

Law that allowed women to obtain credit and loans in their own name.

Nixon's foreign policy approach

Characterized by Realpolitik, focusing on improving relations with China and the USSR.

SALT agreements and détente

Efforts to limit arms and reduce Cold War tensions through negotiation.

Vietnamization

Nixon's strategy to withdraw U.S. troops and shift combat responsibilities to South Vietnam.

Kent State incident, 1970

Students were shot during anti-war protests, highlighting tensions of the era.

Pentagon Papers

Revealed that the government misled the public about the Vietnam War.

War Powers Resolution of 1973

Legislation requiring Congress’s approval for military action.

Paris Peace Accords, 1973

Agreement that formally ended U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War.

Vietnam Syndrome

Public reluctance to send U.S. troops abroad following the Vietnam War.

Watergate scandal trigger

The 1972 break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters.

Nixon's resignation, 1974

Nixon resigned to avoid impeachment over his involvement in Watergate.

Economic issues in the 1970s

Problems like industrial decline, oil crisis, inflation, and trade deficit affecting the U.S.

1976 Election winner

Jimmy Carter, elected as he was seen as a Washington outsider.

Carter's foreign policy focuses

Emphasis on human rights and the Camp David Accords.

Carter's popularity decline

Caused by the Iran Hostage Crisis and economic struggles.

Religious Right agenda

Opposition to abortion, promotion of traditional values, and concern over loose morality.

Iran-Contra Affair

Scandal involving Reagan’s administration secretly funding Nicaraguan rebels through arms sales to Iran.