JEE MAINS and ADVANCED Exam Preparation

These flashcards cover important terms and concepts related to electricity and circuits, useful for JEE Mains and Advanced exams.

Potential Divider

A device used to give outputs at various voltages from a higher voltage source.

Galvanometer

An instrument for detecting and measuring small electric currents.

Drift Velocity

The average velocity of charge carriers in a material due to an electric field.

Resistivity

A measure of how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current.

Kirchhoff's Law

A set of rules that describe the current and voltage in electrical circuits.

Wheatstone Bridge

A circuit used to measure unknown electrical resistance by balancing two legs of a bridge circuit.

Ohm's Law

The law stating that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.

Internal Resistance

The resistance within a battery or cell that affects the efficiency of energy delivery.

Power Dissipation

The process in which electrical energy is converted into heat due to resistance.

Amperage

The strength of an electric current measured in amperes.

Voltage Drop

The reduction in voltage across a component in a circuit.

Series Circuit

A circuit in which resistors or components are connected end-to-end so that current flows through each component in turn.

Parallel Circuit

A circuit in which multiple components are connected across the same voltage source.

EMF (Electromotive Force)

The voltage generated by a battery or cell measured in volts.

Short Circuit

An unintended low-resistance connection between two points in an electrical circuit.

Rheostat

A variable resistor used to control current.

Fuse

A safety device that interrupts the flow of electricity in the event of excess current.

Thermal Energy

Energy that comes from heat; in electrical systems, often associated with power dissipation.

Equivalent Resistance

The total resistance of a circuit, simplifying the combination of resistors.

Electrical Circuit

A path in which electrons from a voltage or current source flow.

Current Density

The amount of electric current flowing per unit area of cross-section.