Types of Joints Part 2

Which of the following best describes the structure of the articular capsule in synovial joints?

An outer layer of dense irregular connective tissue continuous with periostea and an inner synovial membrane of loose connective tissue

The synovial fluid in joints primarily originates from which structure?

Capillary beds within the synovial membrane

What is the main function of the articular cartilage found on the ends of bones in synovial joints?

To transmit joint loading and protect bony surfaces by cushioning

"Weeping lubrication" in synovial joints refers to:

The squeezing of synovial fluid in and out of the articular cartilage during joint movement

Which of the following statements about synovial joint ligaments is TRUE?

They guide movement by maintaining tautness to prevent excessive joint mobility

What is the role of mechanoreceptors found within the synovial joint capsule?

To sense mechanical stretch and contribute to proprioception

Which of the following best explains the reason why synovial fluid viscosity decreases with joint activity?

Movement facilitates the cycling of synovial fluid in and out of cartilage, maintaining fluidity

The coracoacromial ligament of the shoulder:

Supports the joint by holding adjacent structures in place without crossing the joint

Which factor does NOT directly affect synovial joint mobility?

Amount of synovial fluid produced by the periosteum

Relaxin hormone affects synovial joints primarily by:

Increasing connective tissue laxity to allow greater mobility, especially in the female pelvis

Which connective tissue type composes the fibrous outer layer of the articular capsule?

Dense irregular connective tissue with fibers oriented variably

What is the primary source of nutrients and waste removal for cartilage cells in synovial joints?

Diffusion via synovial fluid moved by joint loading

Collateral ligaments in joints like the metacarpophalangeal joint are best described as:

Thickened regions of the articular capsule blending into it

The joint cavity in synovial joints is:

The space between articulating surfaces containing synovial fluid

Why is the fibrous outer layer of the articular capsule described as 'continuous with periostea'?

Because it blends seamlessly with the periosteum, the connective tissue covering bone