AP GOV ARGUMENT ESSAY DOCUMENTS

Declaration of Independence

Document mainly written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the independence of the colonies from Britain. It explains that people have natural rights (life, liberty and the pursuit of hapiness), and governments gain power from the people.

Articles of Confederation

The first system of government the U.S. created, it had a very weak national government. Most power was given to the states and there was no presodent or main authority.

U.S. Constitution

Current framework of todays government, created the three branches of government (executive, judicial, legislative), and checks and balances so one branch isn’t too powerful.

Brutus No. 1

An essay by anti-federalist stating that the constitution gives too much power to the national government and could threaten individual or state rights.

Federalist No. 10

Written by James Madison, it argues that a large republic controls factions (groups with similar interests), and prevents any one group from dominating.

Federalist No. 51

Written by James Madison, and explains how checks and balances helps prevent tyranny (ex. President can veto a law but congress can override that)

Federalist No. 70

Written by Alexander Hamilton, argues for a strong single president to ensure order, effective leadership, and accountability

Federalist No. 78

Written by Alexander Hamilton, explains the rules of the judicial branch, and how the courts have the power to deam a law unconstitutional (judicial review)

Letter from Birmingham Jail

Written by MLK Jr. this letter defends nonviolent protests and argues that people have a moral duty to disobey unjust laws during the civil right movement.