Political Systems and the U.S. Democracy

These flashcards cover key concepts related to political systems, democracy, and the foundational aspects of U.S. governance.

Non-authoritarian governments

Governments that are more democratic, where individuals control most of their own decisions.

Popular sovereignty

The principle that the people are the ultimate source of political power.

Democracy

A system of government in which the citizens exercise power directly or elect representatives.

Social contract

An agreement among individuals to form a government that provides protections in exchange for obedience.

State of nature

A pre-governmental condition where individuals have rights but no government exists to protect those rights.

Federalism

A system of government in which power is divided between a national government and various state governments.

Bicameral legislature

A two-house legislature, such as the U.S. Congress, which includes the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Enumerated powers

Specific powers granted to Congress by the Constitution.

Elastic Clause

Also known as the Necessary and Proper Clause, allows Congress to make laws necessary for carrying out its powers.

Impeachment

The process by which a legislative body levels charges against a government official, leading to a trial.

Great Compromise

The agreement that established a bicameral legislature with representation based on population in one house and equal representation in the other.

Electoral College

A body of representatives established by the Constitution for the indirect election of the president and vice president.

Separation of powers

The division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another.

Judicial review

The power of the Supreme Court to interpret the Constitution and declare laws unconstitutional.