Ch. 20: Imperialism - DUAL HIS 202

Hawaii

Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani

• 1892 - a revolt against queen by those wanting annexation - they ask for US help (US Marines helped)

• 1898 - Hawaii becomes US Territory under Pres. McKinley

• This means no tariff on sugar, Pearl Harbor becomes naval base, and closer to china

• It becomes 50th state in 1959

Alaska

“Seward’s Folly”; 1867

• Gold, Oil, Strategic location, USSR

• Bought for $7.2 mil

Cuba

• was a Spanish colony

• 1895 - Cuban Revolution against Spain

  • This is during Cleveland’s presidency

  • Americans just watch

    • Pres. McKinley - 1896= ‘hesitant’

  • Conditions —- oppressive

• Spain — not lose to Cuba

• General Weyler - “The Butcher”

  • They will try to find the people of the revolt, and put them in reconcentration camps

• USS Maine hover around Cuba - explosion from coal combustion - 260 men killed

Theodore Roosevelt

Assistant Secretary of the Navy in McKinley administration

• resigns position - fight w Cuba

• American imperialist and nationalist

Spanish-American War

• 1898

• “that Splendid Little War = April to December

The Philippines

• Spanish colony

• US Naval Commander Dewey

• US success - will we control Philippines?

  • Leader of the Filipino uprising: Emilio Aguinaldo

  • Believes if US wins = Philippines independence

Reality: US protectorate

US leaders ignore Emilio

Philippine Independence: 1946

Despot definition

Dictator

Battle of San Juan Hill

• Fought in Cuba

Treaty of Paris 1898 (3rd and last)

• Cuba was freed from Spanish rule (US protectorate, not US colony)

  • Teller Amendment (1898) US will not make Cuba colony

  • In Cuba, established military base/prison on Guantanamo Bay

    • Platt Amendment (1903)

      • Cuba wouldn’t enter into any agreements with foreign power that would endanger its independence

• Spain gave up Puerto Rico (now US Territory) and the island of Guam (now US Territory)

• The US paid Spain $20 mil for the Philippines (becomes US Territory)

• The US becomes an imperial power

The American Anti-Imperialist League

• founded in 1899

• Mark Twain, Andrew Carnegie, William James, and William Jennings Bryan (Pacifist - wants to get along with everybody) among the leaders

• Campaigned against the annexation of the Philippines and other acts of imperialism

Puerto Rico

US Territory

China

The Boxer Rebellion 1900

• The Peaceful Harmonious Fists

  • Does not want foreigners

• US sends 1000 troops to fight in China for commerce

The Open Door Policy

• Secretary John Hay (Sec. of State for McKinley)

• Give all nation equal access to trade in China

• Guaranteed that China would NOT be taken over by any one foreign power