AP Gov Unit #2

Precedent

acts as a basis for future decisions of similar circumstance.

Regulation

the process through which the federal bureaucracy fills in critical details of the law.

Iron Triangle

Bureaucracy, congress and interest groups work together to achieve shared policy goals.

Federal Bureaucracy

the department and agencies within the executive branch that write rules and procedures that implement laws passed by congress.

Bureaucratic Adjudication

bureaucracy acts as a court to settle disputes between parties.

Stare Decisis

A Latin phrase meaning "let the decision stand ..

Bureaucrat

officials employed by government agencies.

Judicial Restraint

philosophy in constitutional interpretation that justices should be cautious when overturning laws.

Judicial Review

the power of the court to rule on the constitutionality of laws, acts, statutes, executive orders.

Judicial Activism

philosophy in constitutional interpretation that justices should wield the power of review, sometimes creating bold new policies.

Bureaucratic Discretion

bureaucrats have some power to decide how laws are.

Original Jurisdiction

________- court has the authority to hear the case first.

Federal Judiciary

a branch of the federal government whose role is to interpret and apply the laws of the nation.

Appellate Jurisdiction

court has the right to revise the decision of a lower court and to overturn or revise the decision (most scotus cases)

Federal Judiciary 

a branch of the federal government whose role is to interpret and apply the laws of the nation

Supreme Court (SCOTUS)

highest court in the united states

Original Jurisdiction

court has the authority to hear the case first

Appellate Jurisdiction

court has the right to revise the decision of a lower court and to overturn or revise the decision (most scotus cases)

Federalist 78

written by Alexander Hamilton to reassure skeptics

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Marbury did not receive his commission from Madison, he filed a lawsuit

Federal District Courts

lowest level court, trial court, original jurisdiction, most work

Federal Courts of Appeals

middle level, appellate jurisdiction only, reviewing decisions made by courts

Precedent

acts as a basis for future decisions of similar circumstance

Stare Decisis

A Latin phrase meaning "let the decision stand."

Majority Opinion

binding supreme court decision which serves as precedent for future cases

Concurring Opinion

an opinion which agrees with majority opinion providing additional or different reasoning, which does not serve as precedent

Dissenting Opinion

an opinion that disagrees with the majority opinion and does not serve as precedent

Judicial Restraint

philosophy in constitutional interpretation that justices should be cautious when overturning laws

Judicial Activism

philosophy in constitutional interpretation that justices should wield the power of review, sometimes creating bold new policies

Federal Bureaucracy

the department and agencies within the executive branch that write rules and procedures that implement laws passed by congress

Bureaucrat

officials employed by government agencies

Iron Triangle

Bureaucracy, congress and interest groups work together to achieve shared policy goals

Bureaucratic Discretion

bureaucrats have some power to decide how laws are

Regulation

the process through which the federal bureaucracy fills in critical details of the law

Bureaucratic Adjudication

bureaucracy acts as a court to settle disputes between parties