Ap Psychology- Unit 0.1

What did Margaret Floy Washburn Accomplish?

1) First woman to officially get a PhD in psychology

2) Second female president of the APA (1921)

When did Margaret Floy Washburn become the second president of the APA?

1921

Who was Mary Whiton Calkins?

1) Psychology’s first woman

2) First female president of the APA (1905)

What does APA stand for?

American Psychological Association

Who taught Mary Calkins?

1) William James (established functionalism), in Harvard, taught her alone because no man wanted to be in class with a woman

2) Qualified for a degree but wasn’t given one

What did Wilhelm Wundt do?

1) Established the first psychology laboratory ever in Germany

Who were Wilhelm Wundt’s students, and what did they accomplish?

1) Stanley G Hall (first formal US psych lab)

2) Edward B Titchener (structuralism)

Who was Stanley G. Hall and what did he do?

1) Wundt’s Student

2) Established the first formal psychology laboratory in the U.S

Im a little late but whats the thing John Locke made

1) Empiricism- the idea that knowledge comes from experience and that observation and experimentation enable scientific knowledge

2) Believed the mind at birth is a blank slate, and experience is what teaches us

Who created empiricsm?

John Locke

What school of thought did William James establish?

Functionalism

1) He wanted to know why we did what we did

2) Based on structuralism

3) Felt that we developed to help our ancestors survive and provided adaptation (we developed skills to help our ancestors survive)

4) Taught Mary Whiton Calkins at Harvard

Who established functionalism?

William James

Who introduced structuralism?

Edward B Titchener

(He was also Wundt’s student, btw)

What is structuralism?

1) Belief that you can understand the mind’s structures through introspection, or looking inward (examining your thoughts and feelings)

2) This was unreliable because we often don’t know why we feel how we do

Why is structuralism unreliable?

Because we often don’t know why we feel how we do

What are psychology’s first schools of thought?

1) Structuralism- understand the mind’s structures through introspection, or looking inward (examining your thoughts and feelings)

2) Functionalism- (we developed skills to help our ancestors survive)

3) Behaviorism- Psychology should be an observable science (no thoughts and feelings, only observations). Studies of behavior without the influence of mental process

4) Psychoanalytic (Freudian)- childhood experiences affect your behavior

5) Humanistic- potential for personal growth

Who established humanistic psychology, and what is it?

1) Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

2) Rejected behaviorism

3) Potential for personal growth

What is behaviorism?

1) John Watson and B.F. Skinner

2) Defined psychology as the scientific study of observable thoughts

3) Psychology should be an observable science (no thoughts and feelings, only observations)

4) Studies of behavior without the influence of mental process

5) Most psychologists agree with 1 but not 2

Who established behaviorism?

John B Watson and B.F. Skinner

Freudian psychology is also known as..

psychoanalytic

Who established pychoanalytic psychology and what is it

1) Sigmund Freud

2) Emphasized ways in which your unconscious mind and childhood experiences affect your behavior

Who created each branch of psychology?

1) Structuralism- Edward B. Titchener

2) Functionalism- William James

3) Behaviorism- John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner

4) Psychoanalytic- Sigmund Freud

5) Humanistic- Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow