endocrine system 💉

what is the endocrine system?

the organ system including the parts of the body that make hormones

what is a hormone?

a chemical released from cells in endocrine glands into blood

which cells are exposed to hormone molecules?

all of them

which cells are affected by hormone molecules in the blood?

target cells

label

label

what is an important function of the endocrine system?

to maintain homeostasis

what is homeostasis?

the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions

what are 4 examples of functions controlled by homeostasis?

temperature, pH, salt concentration and sugar concentration

what is a negative feedback loop? (2)

* a method used by the endocrine system to maintain homeostasis within the body
* when conditions change from a set point, feedback returns the conditions to the set point

what is regulation of blood glucose levels an example of?

homeostasis

what are normal blood glucose levels?

90mg per 100mL of blood

what happens when blood glucose levels are low?

1) blood glucose level declines

2) alpha cells in the pancreas are stimulated and release glucagon into the blood

3) glucagon causes the liver to break down stored glycogen into glucose and releases it into the blood

4) blood glucose level rises to the set point, and and the stimulus causing glucagon release diminishes

what happens when blood glucose levels are high?

1) blood glucose level is rising

2) beta cells in the pancreas are stimulated and release insulin into the blood

3) insulin causes body cells to take up more glucose and the liver to take glucose and store it as glycogen

4) blood glucose level lowers to the set point, and and the stimulus causing insulin release diminishes

what can cause…?

a) low blood glucose

b) high blood glucose

a) skipping a meal

b) eating a meal rich in carbohydrates

which hormone..?

a) lowers blood glucose

b) raises blood glucose

a) insulin

b) glucagon