Unit 4 Flashcards

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Flashcards covering vocabulary and key concepts from Unit 4 of the lecture notes.

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31 Terms

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Individualist

Places value on a person's independence and self-reliance.

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Equality of Opportunity

Every American, no matter their race or class, should have opportunities to life, liberty, & the pursuit of happiness.

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Free Enterprise

Government should allow to view toward business, & allow forces like supply & demand to govern the marketplace.

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Rule of Law

Every citizen is equal under the law; none has any special privileges.

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Limited Government

Government whose limits are well-defined & is restrained through the separation of powers & checks & balances.

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Liberal

Push for new reforms in order to make society more just & equitable. Prefers a larger government that provides an abundance of services to citizens. More government involvement is necessary in achieving individualism & free enterprise.

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Conservative

Cherish established institutions & seek to preserve them for society. Want a smaller government that provides less services. Wants less government involvement.

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Bandwagon Effect

Tendency to get behind the winning candidate.

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Social Desirability Bias

People lie to seem like a 'better member of society.'

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Non-response Bias

Certain groups are more inclined to respond than others.

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Non-scientific Polls

Polls designed by political parties or partisan news outlets to demonstrate party support.

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Libertarianism

Combines some convictions of both liberals & conservatives; seeks the smallest, least intrusive government possible.

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The Fed

The Federal Reserve is responsible for managing monetary policy.

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Inflation

Countered by the Fed raising interest rates.

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Opinion Polls

Conducted to get a feel for the public's thoughts on certain candidates or policies.

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Benchmark Polls

Taken at the beginning of a candidate's campaign to show how a candidate is doing.

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Tracking Polls

Conducted over time to show how sentiment grows about a given issue.

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Entrance Polls

Asking how people will vote, before.

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Exit Polls

Asking how people voted, after.

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Representative Sample

Small portion of the larger population.

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Random Sample

Everyone must have an equal chance to be chosen.

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Sampling Error

Mistakes made when polling; as sample size increases, the margin of error decreases.

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Mass Survey

A large amount of quantitative data.

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Focus Groups

Emphasize qualitative data: depth & characteristics of participants.

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Silent Generation (1928-1945)

Generally conservative and vote a lot!

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Millennials (1981-1996)

Mostly Liberal, ethnically diverse, highly educated, value cooperation & community.

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Life Cycle Effects

A person's political beliefs will change based on what stage of life they are in.

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Keynesian Economics

When demand is too low, the government should step in & put more money in the economy by less taxes or increases gov spending (or both) - Liberal view.

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Supply-Side Economics

Emphasizes forces of supply & demand; government should not control - Conservative view.

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Political Socialization

The process by which individuals acquire their political beliefs and values.

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Globalization

The increasing interconnectedness of the world by means of electronic communication and ships (often times comes with political influence).