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Flashcards covering vocabulary and key concepts from Unit 4 of the lecture notes.
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Individualist
Places value on a person's independence and self-reliance.
Equality of Opportunity
Every American, no matter their race or class, should have opportunities to life, liberty, & the pursuit of happiness.
Free Enterprise
Government should allow to view toward business, & allow forces like supply & demand to govern the marketplace.
Rule of Law
Every citizen is equal under the law; none has any special privileges.
Limited Government
Government whose limits are well-defined & is restrained through the separation of powers & checks & balances.
Liberal
Push for new reforms in order to make society more just & equitable. Prefers a larger government that provides an abundance of services to citizens. More government involvement is necessary in achieving individualism & free enterprise.
Conservative
Cherish established institutions & seek to preserve them for society. Want a smaller government that provides less services. Wants less government involvement.
Bandwagon Effect
Tendency to get behind the winning candidate.
Social Desirability Bias
People lie to seem like a 'better member of society.'
Non-response Bias
Certain groups are more inclined to respond than others.
Non-scientific Polls
Polls designed by political parties or partisan news outlets to demonstrate party support.
Libertarianism
Combines some convictions of both liberals & conservatives; seeks the smallest, least intrusive government possible.
The Fed
The Federal Reserve is responsible for managing monetary policy.
Inflation
Countered by the Fed raising interest rates.
Opinion Polls
Conducted to get a feel for the public's thoughts on certain candidates or policies.
Benchmark Polls
Taken at the beginning of a candidate's campaign to show how a candidate is doing.
Tracking Polls
Conducted over time to show how sentiment grows about a given issue.
Entrance Polls
Asking how people will vote, before.
Exit Polls
Asking how people voted, after.
Representative Sample
Small portion of the larger population.
Random Sample
Everyone must have an equal chance to be chosen.
Sampling Error
Mistakes made when polling; as sample size increases, the margin of error decreases.
Mass Survey
A large amount of quantitative data.
Focus Groups
Emphasize qualitative data: depth & characteristics of participants.
Silent Generation (1928-1945)
Generally conservative and vote a lot!
Millennials (1981-1996)
Mostly Liberal, ethnically diverse, highly educated, value cooperation & community.
Life Cycle Effects
A person's political beliefs will change based on what stage of life they are in.
Keynesian Economics
When demand is too low, the government should step in & put more money in the economy by less taxes or increases gov spending (or both) - Liberal view.
Supply-Side Economics
Emphasizes forces of supply & demand; government should not control - Conservative view.
Political Socialization
The process by which individuals acquire their political beliefs and values.
Globalization
The increasing interconnectedness of the world by means of electronic communication and ships (often times comes with political influence).