material considerations

papers examples

cartridge, sugar, copier

boards examples

cardboard, foam board, styrofoam

hardwoods definition

decidious trees, broad leaves

softwoods definition

conifers, needles, evergreens

hardwood examples

oak, ash, birch

softwood examples

pine, spruce, cedar

manufactured boards examples

MDF, chipboard, plywood

ferrous metals examples

cast iron, stainless steel, carbon steel

non-ferrous metals examples

aluminium, copper, tin

alloys definition

metal that is combined with another substance to improve it in some way

alloys examples

brass, steel, solder

natural fibres examples

cotton, wool, silk

synthetic fibres examples

polyester, acrylic, nylon

blended fibres definition

different fibres mixed together to improve their quality in some way

woven fabric yarns

weft and warp

warp yarn

vertical interlocking loops, less stretchy and less likely to unravel

weft yarn

interlocking loops, stretchy but likely to unravel

weft saying (remembering weft vs warp)

‘weft can go left’

non-woven fabrics

not strong, used in decorative/disposable products

non-woven fabrics categories

bonded, felted

knitted yarns

weft OR warp

modern materials examples

polymorph, teflon, flexiply

smart materials definition

materials that respond to external stimuli

smart materials examples

shape-memory alloy, thermochromic, photochromic

composite materials meaning

different materials bonded together to improve the quality in some way

composite materials examples

GRP, kevlar, carbon fibre

technical textiles definition

engineered specifically for their use

technical textiles examples

kevlar, coolmax, fastskin

properties of materials

1. density

2. strength to weight ratio

3. durability

4. elasticity

5. impact resistance

6. malleability

7. brittleness

8. absorbency

9. flammability

10. conductivity

considerations of materials (3 E’s)

environmental, ethical, economic