mtel early childhood

primary benefit of read alouds to children at home

models descriptive vocabulary and more formal grammatical structures

what should a teacher do first when planning for differentiated learning experiences

identify the skills and concepts a student must achieve

why would a teacher use systematic and strategic observation to assess physical, sensory, social, emotional, cognitive, and linguistic development

to provide data about the child's skill gains across authentic contexts

identifying similarities and differences between two different cultural versions of a popular folktale read aloud would promote children's development of which literacy skills?

high-order thinking to comprehend and analyze texts

first-grade students work with partners to illustrate, label, and discuss the roots, stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits of a plant. This activity is likely to support the vocabulary learning of students in which ways?

using meaningful contexts to promote students' recall and use of content-specific vocabulary words

Which of the factor has the greatest influence on young children's vocabulary knowledge and use?

experiences with oral and written language

After labeling the external body parts of an animal, kindergarten children are asked to describe the animal to a partner. How does this activity demonstrate integration across content areas to support student learning?

connecting discourse with science concepts and emergent writing

A teacher uses weekly one-on-one conferences as an instructional approach to support students' writing skills. When conferring with students, the teacher uses the approach listed below.

Meet with students individually for five minutes each week. Review students' writing samples before each conference.

Ask students questions that encourage them to reflect on writing strategies they used (e.g., referencing a word wall, stretching out sounds in words).

Ask students to identify a personal writing strength and an area in which they may need additional support.

Collaborate with each student to identify a strategy to address their identified need.

The teacher's approach would directly support which outcome?

promoting students' positive attitudes toward and motivation to engage in writing activities while taking ownership of their work

As part of creating educational portfolios, a kindergarten teacher purposefully collects children's writing samples throughout the school year. The teacher's assessment approach is most likely to yield which of the following sources of information?

children's writing strengths, needs, and progress over time

Which of the following questions should a prekindergarten teacher consider first when selecting an assessment approach to monitor children's writing progress?

Can this assessment approach be easily embedded into structured and unstructured learning activities?

A second-grade teacher plans a unit in which students will learn about influential scientists who have significantly advanced science and positively contributed to society. In anticipation of this unit, the teacher has strategically selected a variety of reading materials and video clips and is now considering writing activities that would support students' engagement in this topic. Which of the following instructional approaches would best achieve this purpose?

creating writing experiences that encourage students to reflect on how discoveries have affected their lives

what is conservation of number

recognition of the one-to-one correspondence between sets of objects of equal number

what is number representation?

the ability to identify the number that corresponds with a quantity

Having a student use a model to break down a number (53 into 50 and 3) directly supports the development of what math skill?

building an understanding of place value and number sense

The first-grade teachers at a school use several instructional strategies to develop and further expand students' conceptual understanding of place value and properties of operations. This approach most directly supports students' access to which of the following upper-elementary topics?

subtracting using the standard algorithm

After preschool children sort shapes, which of the following activities would further expand the children's understanding of definable attributes?

examining groups of shapes to identify sorting rules

A teacher displays an array and asks a student to circle groups of two stars. The teacher then asks the student to count the groups of stars in the array. What best describes the primary purpose of this activity?

Partitioning stars into groups will promote the student's visualization of division

Which of the following instructional strategies would support students in persevering in solving problems that are appropriately challenging?

designing activities with multiple entry points based on students' strengths

A prekindergarten teacher plans learning activities to support children's ability to compare groups of objects in scattered configurations. Before introducing this concept, the teacher should determine if children have acquired foundational skills?

representing groups of objects with corresponding number names

Which activity would best support a prekindergarten child in learning the names of numbers?

singing interactive counting songs routinely

A second-grade teacher asks students to shade hundreds blocks to represent the value of coins and a dollar bill. This activity is likely to develop students' foundational understanding of concepts needed to perform which of the following skills in later grades?

relating money values to fractions and decimals

A teacher has a student complete a math questionnaire at the beginning of the school year. The teacher's assessment approach is likely to benefit the student's learning in which way?

fostering a positive disposition toward mathematics to enable the student to develop good work habits

During an activity, a kindergarten teacher observes that many of the children have gender stereotypes associated with community workers. Which of the following teacher actions would best address the students' beliefs?

inviting workers into the classroom that represent all genders to discuss their roles within the community

Second-grade students read a collection of literary and informational texts about children's experiences of attending schools as part of the national desegregation movement that occurred in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s. Which discussion topic would best encourage students to understand the perspectives of children who experienced prejudice and racism?

How were children affected by teachers and parents who protested their attendance at schools?

What best explains why it is important for teachers to review traditional texts such as nursery rhymes and fables before sharing them with children as a step to support an inclusive classroom environment?

Traditional texts often feature stereotypical gender roles that can perpetuate bigotry

A teacher overhears a student say to another student, "You are being unfair, and your words are unkind. You can play with us, but you have to share and be nice." This student is demonstrating an emerging understanding of what concept?

behaviors that are consistent with good citizenship

What question would most effectively lead students to an inquiry-based learning experience during a unit on geographic landforms?

"How do the oceans make the world habitable?"

Students are asked to work in small groups to collectively construct a timeline of a prominent historical figure using a variety of reading materials, including biographies, maps, and archived newspaper articles. This learning activity would most directly promote students' development of what skill?

connecting individual events to larger movements and themes

Throughout the school year, a kindergarten teacher creates dramatic play centers with a variety of costumes, props, and materials related to jobs that are performed inside and outside of the home. The teacher's instructional approach is likely to promote children's understanding of work by:

providing children with opportunities to construct knowledge through social engagement

A prekindergarten teacher carefully selects books to read aloud that feature citizenship themes, such as being helpful and respectful to others. What teacher strategies would best support children's recognition of character traits that are consistent with good citizenship during read-aloud activities?

encouraging comments about character actions and motivations

As one of the weekly class jobs that second-grade students rotate, the News Anchor is responsible for reporting on the weather and two events happening in the classroom, school, or community. Students are asked to respond to the news in their informational journals following the daily news report. This activity integrates civics content with literacy learning objective?

including facts in a written summary about a specific topic

Second-grade students work in small groups to define these vocabulary words (water, ice, recreation, river, lake) using illustrations and sentences. Understanding these vocabulary words would most directly support students' progress toward which learning standard?

Students will give examples of how water is used

Second-grade students create double-layered hand mitts using zipper-lock bags containing feathers, fat (i.e., vegetable shortening), cotton balls, or nothing. Students submerge their hands into ice water for a minute while wearing the mitts and are asked to record their findings in their science journals. After conducting this investigation, students will design a special container to insulate liquids to keep them warm. This sequence of learning activities would best support students' development of which technology/engineering skills?

recognizing the successes and limitations of materials

Kindergarten children establish a goal to reduce waste produced by the class each week. Children identify several steps, such as labeling color-coded bins as "Recycle," "Repurpose," and "Compost," that would support them in achieving this goal. This activity is likely to benefit children's learning in what way?

empowering children to develop a plan to overcome a problem

A kindergarten teacher distributes picture cards and instructs children to sequence the cards according to how a chicken grows and changes. What extension activity would deepen students' understanding of how a chicken grows and changes over time?

pairing students with a partner to share their knowledge about how a chicken grows and changes over time

What activity would best support prekindergarten children's understanding of the relationship between the size and shape of shadows and a light source?

working in pairs to trace each other's shadow while standing outside at different times on a sunny day

A teacher strategically designs learning centers to create opportunities to expand and further support students' understanding of science and technology/engineering concepts. Center materials are rotated throughout the school year to correspond with the learning standards being introduced. When students are provided with discovery-based learning opportunities, such as learning centers, they are more likely to:

connect concepts and apply this knowledge to solve real-world issues and problems