Studied by 1 personRadioactive isotopes
________ can be located by detecting the radiation they emit.
unstable nucleus decays
When a(n) ________, particles and energy called nuclear radiation are emitted from it.
Radiation
________ can be used to stop some types of cancerous cells from growing.
Cloud Chamber
________: used to detect alpha or beta particle radiation.
nuclear fusion
For ________ to occur, positively charged nuclei must get close to each other.
Electrons
________ that are stripped off gas molecules in a Geiger counter move to a positively charged wire in the device.
Tracer
________: When a radioisotope is used to find or keep track of molecules in an organism.
Gamma rays
________ cause less damage to biological molecules as they pass through living tissue.
Alpha Particle
________: made of two protons and two neutron.
Radioactive dating
________ also can be used to estimate the ages of rocks.
Radioactivity
________: The process of nuclear decay.
Transmutation
________: the process of changing one element to another through nuclear decay.
Geiger Counter
________: a device that measures the amount of radiation by producing an electric current when it detects a charged particle.
nucleus
The ________ left after the isotope decays is called the daughter ________.
Critical Mass
________: the amount of material required so that each fission reaction produces approximately one more fission reaction.
Half Life
________: the amount of time it takes for half the nuclei in a sample of the isotope to decay.
Nuclear Fission
________: The process of splitting a nucleus into several smaller nuclei.
Gamma radiation
________ is an electromagnetic wave.
Beta particles
________ are much faster and more penetrating than alpha particles.
Large nuclei
________ tend to be unstable and can break apart or decay.
ratio of neutrons
The ________ to protons is related to the stability of the nucleus.
Nuclear radiation
________ moving through the air can remove electrons from some molecules in air.
alpha decay
In ________, two protons and two neutrons are lost from the nucleus.
Alpha particles
________ lose energy more quickly when they interact with matter than the other types of nuclear radiation do.
radioactive isotopes
Traces of naturally occurring ________ are found in the food, water, and air consumed by all animals and plants.
Nuclear Fusion
________: the amount of material required so that each fission reaction produces approximately one more fission reaction.
Gamma Rays
________: electromagnetic waves with the highest frequencies and the shortest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum.
alpha particles
When ________ pass through matter, they exert an electric force on the electrons in atoms in their path.
Background Radiation
________ is low- level radiation emitted mainly by naturally occurring radioactive isotopes found in Earths rocks, soils, and atmosphere.
radioactive isotope
The ________ carbon- 14 often is used to estimate the ages of plant and animal remains.
alpha particle
A(n) ________ is the same as the nucleus of a helium atom and has a charge of +2 and an atomic mass of 4.
Alpha particles
________ can be stopped by a sheet of paper.
alpha particle
When an atom emits a(n) ________, it has two fewer protons, so it is a different element.
Alpha particles
________ can be dangerous if they are released by radioactive atoms inside the human body.
The Strong Force
causes protons and neutrons to be attracted to each other
Radioactivity
The process of nuclear decay
Alpha Particle
made of two protons and two neutron
Transmutation
the process of changing one element to another through nuclear decay
Beta Particle
electron emitted from the nucleus in a neutron decay
Cloud Chamber
used to detect alpha or beta particle radiation
Bubble Chamber
holds a superheated liquid, which doesnt boil because the pressure in the chamber is high
Nuclear Fission
The process of splitting a nucleus into several smaller nuclei
Chain Reaction
The series of repeated fission reactions caused by the release of neutrons in each reaction
Critical Mass
the amount of material required so that each fission reaction produces approximately one more fission reaction
Nuclear Fusion
the amount of material required so that each fission reaction produces approximately one more fission reaction
Note 
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