Bio II Plants Vocab

Angiosperms

flowering plant; the seeds are borner within a fruit

Anther

in flowering plants, pollen- bearing portion of stamen

Carpel

ovule-bearing unit that is a part of a pistil

Club Mosses

type of seedless vascular plant that are also called ground pine because they appear to be miniature pine tree

Cone

Structure comprised of scales which bear sporangia; pollen- cones bear microsporangia and seed cones bear megasporangia.

Conifer

a group of trees and shrubs; Ex: pine trees and fir trees that grow in cooler areas of the world

Cuticle

Waxy layer covering the epidermis of plants that protects the plant against water loss and disease causing organisms

Cycad

type of gymnosperm with palmate leaves and massive cones; most often found in the tropics and sub tropics

Fern

A flowerless plant which has featert or leafy fronds and reproduces by spores released from the undersides of the frands.

Fruit

flowering plant structure consisting of one or more ripened ovaries that usually contain seed

Gametophyte

haploid generation of the alternation of generations life cycle of a plant; produces gametes that unite to form a diploid zygote.

Ginkgo

a genus of non-flowering seed plants, assigned to the gymnosperms

Gnetophyte

a small group of gymnosperms vascular plants that are represented by 3 living genera.

Gymnosperm

a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, ginkgo, and gnetophytes, characterized by seeds that are not enclosed in an ovary. They are often characterized by cones and needle-like leaves.

Horsetail

a leafless plant with hollow and rush like stems

Liverwort

small flowerless plants with leaf like lobes called a thallus, which looks like a lobed liver

Megaspore

one of the two types of spores produced by seed plants; develops into a megagametophyte (embryo sac).

Miscrospore

one of the two types of spores produced by seed plants; develops into a microgametophyte (pollen- grain).

Moss

type of bryophyte, a group consisting of non-vascular plants.

Non- Vascular Plant

bryophytes as mosses and liverworts that have no vascular tissue and either occur in moist locations or have special adaptations for living in dry locations.

Ovary

female gonad in animals that produces an egg and female sex hormones; in flowering plants, the enlarged ovule- bearing portion of the pistil which develops into a fruit.

Ovule

in seed plants, a structure that contains the megagametophyte and has the potential to develop into a seed.

Phloem

Vascular tissue that conducts organic solutes in plants; contains sieve-tube elements and companion cells.

Pistil

Reproductive flower structure composed of one or more carpels.

Pollen Grain

In seed plants, structure that is derived from a microscope and develops into a microgametophyte

Pollination

In gymnosperms, the transfer of pollen from pollen cone to seed cones; in angiosperms

Pollinator

Animal; e.g bee that inadvertently transfer pollen from another to stigma

Rhizoid

rootlike hair that anchors a plant and absorbs minerals and water from the soil

Rhizome

Rootlike, underground stem

Root

the underground organ that anchors the plant in the soil, absorbs water and minerals and stores the products of photosynthesis

Seed

mature ovule that contains an embryo with stored food enclosed in a protective coat

Sporangium

structure that produces spores

Sporophyte

diploid generation of the alternation of generations life cycle of a plant

Stamen

in flowering plants, the portion of the flower that consists of a filament and another containing pollen sacs where pollen is produced.

Stem

usually the upright,vertical portion of a plant, which transport substances to and from the leaves

Stigma

in flowering plants, portion of the pistil where pollen grains adhere and germinate before fertilization can occur

Style

elongated central portion of the pistil between the ovary and stigma

Vascular

Plant; type of plant that contains vascular tissue; e.g; ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms

Xylem

vascular tissue that transports water and minerals solutes upward through the plant body; it contains vessel elements and tracheids.