FA - Quiz 2/Final (terms/concepts)

characteristics of romanesque painting (4)

• hierarchical perspective

• figures: expressive gestures, flat, monumental, bulging eyes, bold outline

• no senses of space; no/gold backgrounds

• symmetry

romanesque paintings found in…

illuminated paintings, architecture, stain glass windows, NOT panel paintings/canvas

cloister

part of a monastery: a quadrangle surrounded by covered passages

it connects the domestic parts of the monastery with the church; cloisters are usually located on the south side of the church

fundamentals of gothic architecture (4)

Pointed arch

Rib vault

[Flying] Buttresses

Stained glass windows

pointed arch

a narrow acutely pointed arch having two centres of equal radii

roman arch vs gothic arch= roman arch is rounded, gothic arch is pointed

rib vault

a masonry vault with a relatively thin web and set within a framework of ribs

buttress

an architectural structure built against or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall

stained glass window

a window made of coloured glass, often showing religious pictures and usually seen in a church

identify parts of gothic architecture (10)

ribbed vaulting

clerestory

triforium

pointed arch

piers

nave

aisle

flying buttresses

buttresses

pinnacle

characteristics of gothic architecture (4)

• soaring architecture; vertically

• walls dissolving; weightlessness, dematerialisation

• unification of space

• metaphysical light

term gothic

During the Gothic era: opus francigenum

Giorgio Vasari (1550): „maniera tedesca...questa maniera fu trovata dai Goti"

19th century: neutral scientific term or with positive connotation

tracery

ornamental stone openwork, typically in the upper part of a Gothic window

rose window

a circular window composed of patterned tracery arranged in petal-like formation

jamb sculpture

usually kings and queens from old testament

functions to tell of old testament

very unnatural, narrow/straight

symbolically standing as columns, SUPPORT

characteristics of schone madonna (4)

• elegant anatomy: slender body, s-shaped body, titled head

• idealised features: high forehead, straight, narrow nose, small mouth

• clothing: crown, lavish drapery with soft contours/folds

• expression: dreamy, regal, tender/loving

altarpiece

a panel, painted or sculpted, situated above and behind an altar

book illumination

decorated manuscript

miniature

a painting or decorated letter in an illuminated manuscript

panel painting

characteristics of gothic art (5)

detailed

sense of space and 3D

elegance

emotion

naturalistic tendencies

who is jan van eyck?

• little to nothing known about training

• 1425 in service of Philip the Good

• Works for court, aristocracy, upper middle class, clergy

• leading artist of Early Netherlandish paintings

Jan van Eyck innovations

• oil paintings

• realism/study of nature

• self portrait

• signature

• optical phenomena

• aerial perspective

• depiction of different materials/surfaces

• gothic and nongothic architecture

aerial perspective

• atmospheric perspective

• the illusion of distance by diminishing color intensity, the shift in color towards an almost neutral blue

polyptych

painting or carving made up of more than three parts/ panels