Dirty Water Lab

Gravity Filtration

used to separate a solid (insoluble component) from a liquid. The solid is collected in a filter paper that has pores small enough only to allow the liquid to pass through. The solid is discarded

Vacuum filtration

used to separate a solid (insoluble component) from a liquid. The solid is collected in a filter paper that has pores small enough only to allow the liquid to pass through under a vacuum. The liquid is discarded.

Liquid-liquid phase separation

used to physically separate two liquids that are immiscible (are not soluble, do not mix), commonly performed using a separatory funnel

Absorption

adsorbents, such as activated carbon, can remove some soluble inorganic and organic contaminants. Contaminants are physically adsorbed to the activated carbon.

Distillation

used to separate liquids with different boiling points or a liquid from solutes. The liquid with the lowest boiling point enters the vapor phase first as the solution is heated. Once the vapor reaches the cool inner walls of the condenser, the vapor turns into a liquid and can be collected.

Pure water

should be colorless and transparent | Should be neutral (pH = 7). | Since it doesn’t contain any substantial amount of ions, it would be considered a non-electrolyte. A non-electrolyte should not conduct electricity or have any conductivity

Conductivity meters

will be used to determine if any ionic species are present