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Histology
The study of animal and plant issues. This involves the preparation of thin tissue sections, differently stained and examined under the microscope.
Microtome
An instrument used to cut tissues into ultrathin sections.
Epithelial Tissues
widespread throughout the body. They form the covering of all body surfaces, line body cavities and hollow organs, and are the major tissue in glands.
Simple Epithelium
Epithelial tissues that are made up of a single layer of cells.
Stratified Epithelium
Epithelial tissues has more than one layer of cells.
Simple Squamous Epithelium
This consists of a single layer of flattened cells. These are usually fund in thin barriers where exchange of nutrients, wastes, and respiratory gases occur. They are found in the alveoli of the lungs where gas exchange takes place.
Alveoli
Where can Simple Squamous Epithelium be found?
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
This is a simple layer of cube-shaped cells. They have large cytoplasms compared to squamous cells. They are found in the tubules of the kidney.
Kidney
Where can Simple Cuboidal Epithelium be found?
Simple Columnar Epithelium
This is a single layer of elongated cells. This type of epithelium is ideal for absorption and secretion as it contains large cytoplasmic volumes with enough organelles and energy reserves. They are found in small intestines.
Small Intestine
Where are Simple Columnar Epithelium found?
Microvilli
These are extensions of the cell membrane to increase their surface area for absorption.
Goblet Cells
These are specialized columnar cells found in the lining of the stomach and small intestines responsible for mucus secretion.
Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium
Found in the small brionchioles of the respiratory tract for mucus movement, and in the fallopian tubes of the female reproductive tract for the reproductive cell movement.
Pseudostratified Epithelium
This is the “falsely stratified” epithelium. It is made up of columnar cells that are tall and thin, forming irregular shapes. These cells appear to form several layers but are actually arrange in a single layer.
Cilia
These are hairlike extensions of the cell that propel the mucus secreted by the goblet cell along the cell surface.
Connective Tissues
These include a large group of different tissues characterized by having dispersed cells and large extracellular space called extracellular matrix.
Extracellular Matrix
This includes protein fibers and ground substances secreted mostly by the cells of the connective tissue. This may be solid (bone), soft (connective tissue), aor liquid (blood).
Loose Connective Tissues
These are also called areolar connective tissues. They are connective tissues with watery matrix (ground substance) where the cells, mostly fibroblasts, are located.
Macrophages
These are special white blood cells that can also be found in the matrix.
Dense Connective Tissues
These are made up of closely packed bundles of collagen fibers with few cells. They are less flexible than loose connective tissues but are more rigid.
Reticular Connective Tissues
These are made up of cells called reticulocytes (specialized fibroblasts) and a matrix that contains reticular fibers.
They give support to soft organs such as the spleen, lymph nodes, and liver.
They also provide the supporting framework for the bone marrow and lymphoid organs.
Elastic Connective Tissues
These are highly elastic with flattened fibroblast cells with a matrix that contains bundles of elastic fibers and interspersed collagen fibers.
Adipose Tissues
Aka Fat Tissues. These are special types of connective tissues that store fats. Found anywhere in the body especially in empty spaces. Found in the subcutaneous layer of the skin.
Adipocytes
These are fat cells.
Cartilage
A type of connective tissue with cells called chondrocytes.
Chondrocytes
These are separated by a strong yet flexible matrix made up of a substance called chondrin.
Chondrin
A protein-carbohydrate complex.
Lacuna
A chamber where chondrocytes are located in. This is surrounded by perichondrium.
Ears, Nose, and Joints
Where is cartilage found in humans?
Bones
These are hardened connective tissues containing cells called osteocytes.
These serve as the structural framework of the body.
These serve as the reservoir for calcium.
Osteocytes
A matrix with collagen fibers
Bone Marrow
The site where blood cells are produced.
Blood
A special type of connective tissue with a liquid matrix called the blood plasma.
This transports nutrients to cells and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes.
This regulates the fluids, ions, and pH balance of the body.
Erythrocytes
Another name for red blood cells.L
Leukocytes
Another name for white blood cells.
Thrombocytes
Another name for blood platelets.
Muscular Tissues
These are contractile tissues responsible for movement.
Muscle Cells
These make up muscle tissues that contain myosin and actin, the proteins involved in muscle contraction.
Myosin and Actin
These are the proteins involved in muscle contraction.
Skeletal Muscular Tissues
These are attached to bones through tendons. They are responsible for the movement of most body parts
Multicellular
Animals are _________ organisms.
Extracellular Matrix
This is large extracellular space
Solid, Soft, or Liquid
The extracellular matrix may be these three forms.
Bone
The solid extracellular matrix.
Connective Tissue
The soft extracellular matrix.
Blood
The liquid extracellular matrix.
Lacuna
The chamber where chondrocytes are located.
Perichondrium
The chondrocytes are located in a chamber called lacuna, which is surrounded by a membrane called
Blood Plasma
Blood is a special type of connective tissue with a liquid matrix called the ______
Striated Muscles
Under the microscope, its fibers appear as alternating dark and light bands, thus it is called _________
Cardiac Muscle Tissues
These are found only in the walls of the heart, are also striated but its contraction is involuntarily controlled.
Heartbeat
They allow impulses to move freely from one fiber to another, resulting in a coordinated contraction called the _____
Smooth Muscular Tissue
These are non-striated, spindle-shaped muscles that are involuntarily controlled. They are unbranched with a single nucleus per cell. Found in the walls of the stomach, intestines, urinary bladder, uterus and blood vessels.
Nervous Tissue
This is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities.
Neurons
These are specialized cells that conduct impulses to and from the brain.
Dendrites
receive impulses and send them to the cell body.
Cell Body/Soma
This is like a typical cell where the nucleus and organelles are found.
Axon
A long fiber-like part that transmits the impulses away from the cell body to the next neuron.
Tissues
These are groups of similar types of cells that perform diverse similar functions.
Sensory Neuron
Type of neuron that receives the stimulus
Motor Neuron
Type of neuron that is responsible for the reaction
Reticulocytes
These are specialized fibroblasts.
Achilles tendon
This connects the muscles of the leg with the bones of the heel.
Calcium
What is stored in Bones in which it is a reservoir of?