Medsurg: Gastric

Salivary enzyme

Amylase (begins breaking down carbs)

Gastric enzymes

Hydrochloric acid & pepsin

Small intestine enzymes

Amylase (carbs), lipase (fats), trypsin (protein), bile

Chyme

Combination of food and enzymes

Emulsification

Fat digestion

Dyspepsia

Indigestion- bloating or heavy feeling after eating

Barium

A __________ enema looks at GI motility

Left

Patients undergoing a colonoscopy should be placed on their ________ side

Hiatal hernia

Stretching of the diaphragm hole which causes food to back up (reflux)

Barrett esophagus

Cell lining of esophagus has changed due to GERD

15

A tube feeding must be off for ___ minutes before laying a patient flat to prevent aspiration

LUQ

Ascultation of the _______ should be done to check for proper placement of an NG feeding tube

Water

For pills being administed via NG tube, they should be crushed and warm ________ should be added to make a solution

30

The HOB should be at ___ degrees when a patient is recieving a tube feeding to prevent aspiration

NPO

Patients with gastritis are normally _______ for a few days to promote healing

H. Pylori

Peptic ulcers are often associated with

Duodenum

Where are peptic ulcers most commonly formed

4-8 weeks

How long should patients with peptic ulcer disease be on proton pump inhibitors

Bleeding

Symptoms of ___________ in the stomach include rapid shallowing breathing, tachy pulse, low BP

Hemorrhoids

Varicose veins in anal canal caused by excessive straining

Fissure

Cracks in the rectum

Rectal prolapse

Rectal walls can be seen outside of the body

Megacolon

Part of colon swells and causes blockage which can lead to perforation

Borborygmus

stomach growling often seen before diarrha

Tenesmus

The feeling that you need to pass stools, even though your bowels are already empty. It may involve straining, pain, and cramping.

Cardiac dysrhythmias

Diarrhea often causes decreased potassium leading to

Diverticulum

Sac-like herniation of the lining of the bowel

Diverticulosis

Multiple diverticula WITHOUT inflammation

Diverticulitis

Infection and inflammation of diverticula

Low-fiber

Diverticular disease is associated with a _____-_______ diet

Sigmoid

Most common site for diverticulitis

Clusters

Chrons disease is classified by ________ of ulcers

Deep

Ulcerative colitis is classified by ________ ulcers

Fistulas

Clusters of ulcers make a hole in skin surface
**Common in chrons

25-29.9

Overweight BMI

>30

Obese BMI

500

In order to loose 1 lb/ week you have to cut out ____ cals/day

Vagal

________ blocking stops the hunger hormone

Intragastric ballon therapy

Makes you feel full so you dont eat as much

Low fowlers

Patients with obesity should be in what position to maximize chest expansion

Bariatric

____________ surgery decreases the size of the stomach
**Results in weight loss of 10-35% within 2-3 years

Dumping syndrome

Rapid emptying of gastric contents into small intestines

Acidosis

Diarrhea causes metabolic _________

Alkalosis

NG suctioning can cause metabolic _________