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Acid + Base → Water + Salt; is a type of double displacement reaction.
Proton donors (H⁺), have a Sour taste, can Corrosive, Dissolve in water to form acidic solutions
Proton acceptors (OH⁻), have a Bitter taste and Slippery feel, Dissolve in water to form basic solutions, and can be corrosive or caustic.
What is the difference between strong and weak acids/bases in terms of dissociation?
Strong Acids/Bases: Fully dissociate in water (one-way arrow). High concentration of ion (H/OH)
Weak Acids/Bases: Partially dissociate, meaning some undissociated molecules are still present. (reversible arrow). Low concentration of ion (OH)
Acids and bases (in water)
Acids and bases are chemicals that are effective proton donors (H⁺) or acceptors (OH⁻) when dissolved in water. In their pure form, they may not show acidic or basic properties until they dissolve in water to dissociate into their respective ions.
Define an aqueous solution
A mixture where a substance is dissolved in water.
Endothermic reaction
A chemical reaction that absorbs energy, usually in the form of heat, causing the temperature of the surroundings to drop.
Exothermic reaction
A chemical reaction that releases energy, usually in the form of heat, causing the temperature of the surroundings to rise.
How to test for oxygen
Blow out a match, and place it in a test tube with oxygen, if it relights, oxygen is present.
Naming covalent compounds
We use prefixes to identify the amount of each atom; but if the first has only one we remove the prefix
Prefixes
di 2 tri 3 tetra 4 penta 5 hexa 6 hepta 7