Lab med Kristina

Syphilis first test

RRP

Syphilis confirm test

FTA (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption)

What is important to know about FTA

it can remain postive for life

How do you see if Syphilis patient is in remission

check RPR, if RPR negative now --> means cured

Gold standard Herpes

Culture

What do you need to know about culturing Herpes

*Not useful beyond 5 days*

IF patient comes in with herpes encephalitis, what test?

PCR (used for rapid results in herpes_

Why would you get serology in Herpes

Confirm

Recurrent lesions but negative culture

Herpes 1

oral

Herpes 2

genital

Negative VZV IgM

Indicates no detectable IgM

Equivocal VZV IgM

presence of absnece of IgM (CANT CONFIRM)

Positive VZV IgM

IgM is present (supports DX of acute primary infection)

Heterophile antibody test used for what virus

EBV

Monospot

Hoarse

Paul-Bunnel

Sheep

Positve Hereophile

> 1:40

agglutination

indicates EBV

Primary infecton (capsid, nucleus, early antigen?)

IgM to capsid postive

aB to nucleus negative

Early antigen positve

Secondary infection (capsidem nucleus, early antigen?)

IgG to the capsid positve

aB to nucleus positive

(no early antigen)

Reactivation (capsid, nucleus, early antigen?)

nucleus positve

early antigen positve

TestOC for Chlamydia

NAAT (Nucleic acid amplification test)

NAAT (Nucleic acid amplification test) tests for

Chlamydia and GOnnorhea

Do we still need to culture after NAAT (Nucleic acid amplification test) in Chlamydia and Gonn?

Yes, need to check sensitivity/resistance so we know which ABX to give

What makes Rubella different than measles as far as testing?

Rubella is a TORCH VIRUS ... need to screen for in preg

What is the inital screening test in Rheumatic disease?

ANA

ESR slower

normal

ESR faster

bad (markers present so falls to bottom of tube faster)

Test for early onset empheysema

Alpha 1 antitryspin (its a serum test)

When cold agglutins are positve think

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

What are tumor markers used for

help in Making Dx

-Bx might not be clear cut

Asses/track Tx

-see how the levels fluctuate after Sx/chemo

Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP)

Liver cancer

Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA)

Colon cancer

CA 125

Ovarian cancer

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

choriocarcinoma

CA 19-9

Pancreatic cancer

CA 15-3 and CA 27-29

breast cancer

PSA

prostate cancer

protocol for blood cultures in bacteremia

using 3 sets (for 3 diff locations) of 2 cultures (for anerobes and aerobes)

What sites are preferred?

peripheral sites

Can u use central line?

Yes as long as peripheral is also done bc infection could be the central line

Fungal infection test

KOH

Spagetti and meatballs appearance

Tinea Versicolor