Intro to Muscles (OIA)

Orbicularis oculi

O; Frontal bone up top, maxilla down below

I; Skin of eyelid

A; Close eye/blink eyes

Zygomaticus

O; Zygomatic bone

I; Corner of mouth

A; Smiling

Orbicularis oris

O; maxilla on top, mandible on bottom

I; lips

A; close lips, kissing face

Buccinator

O; Starts at maxilla and mandible

I; Orbicularis oris

A; Sucks in cheeks

Mentalis

O; Starts at mandible

I; Skin of chin

A; Moves chin

Masseter

O; Maxilla at top

I; Mandible

A; chewing muscle (closes jaw)

Digastric

O; Starts at mandible

I; connects to loop on the hyoid bone

A; opens the mouth

Sternocleidomastoid

O; sternum and clavicle

I; ends at mastoid process of temporal bone

A; flexs head (“yes” movement), rotates head (“no” movement)

Temporalis

O; N/A

I; N/A

A; chewing muscle

Deltoid

O; Clavicle and scapula

I; Humerus

A; move arm (arm abduction - raise up to sides)

pectoralis major

O; sternum or clavicle

I; humerus

A; shoulder flexion/arm flexion

serratus anterior

O; ribs

I; scapula

A; moves/rotates scapula

External intercostal

O; rib

I; rib

A; inspiring (breathing in)

Internal intercostal

O; rib

I; rib

A; expiring (breathing out)

Diaphragm

O; sternum and ribs

I; central tendons

A; does 75% of work of breathing

External oblique

O; ribs

I; os coxa

A; compress abdomen

Internal oblique

O; os coxa

I; linea alba

A; compress abddomen

Rectus abdominus

O; os coxa

I; sternum or ribs

A; flex vertebral column (bend over)

Transverse abdominus

O; os coxa

I; linea alba

A; compress abdomen

Trapezius

O; vertebrae

I; scapula

A; moves the scapula

Latissimus dorsi

O; vertebrae

I; humerus

A; adduct arm (bring down)

Rhomboid major

O; vertebrae

I; scapula

A; stabilize scapula

Rhomboid minor

O; vertebrae

I; scapula

A; stabilize scapula

Levator scapulae

O; vertebrae

I; scapula

A; raises scapula (shrug shoulders)

Teres major

O; scapula

I; shaft of humerus

A; arm adductor

Supraspinatus

O; scapula

I; head of humerus

A; rotate arm

Infraspinatus

O; scapula

I; head of humerus

A; rotate arm

Teres minor

O; scapula

I; head of humerus

A; rotates arm

Triceps brachii

O; scapula and humerus

I; ulna - olecranon process

A; extends forearm

Biceps brachii

O; Scapula

I; Radius

A; Flex forearm

Brachialis

O; Distal humerus

I; Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

A; Elbow flex or forearm flexion at elbow

Brachioradialis

O; Humerus

I; Styloid process of radius

A; Flexes forearm

Triceps brachii

O: Scapula

I: Ulna

A: Extends elbow/Extends forearm

Biceps Brachii

O: scapula

I: radius

A: flex forearm/elbow

Barchialis

O: Humerus (shaft)

I; Ulna

A: Flex forearm

Brachioradialis

O: Humerus

I: Radius

A: forearm flexion + rotates (raising beer)

Pronator teres (at oblique angle)

Turns palm towards ground (pronates forearm).

Flexor carpi radialis (to thumb side of wrist)

flexes wrist on radius side

Palmaris longus (tendons connect to all digits)

middle goes into sheet of tendons into palm of hands

Flexor carpi ulnaris (to pinkie side of wrist)

flexes wrist on ulna side.

Supinator (deep muscle)

Underneath - DONT see!

Extensor digitorum (tendons connect to all digits)

pulls fingers straight (digit extensor)

Extensor carpi ulnaris (to pinkie side of wrist)

Wrist/hand extensor

Extensor carpi radialis longus (to thumb side of wrist)

longer tendon — wrist/hand extensor

Extensor carpi radialis brevis (to thumb side of wrist)

shorter tendon - wrist/hand extensor

Iliopsoas (psoas major and iliacus together) INSIDE os coxa

Tensor fasciae latae

tightens IT band (iliotibial band) - hip/tigh abductor

Pectineus - in groin next to BV (sorta like at angle)

hip/thigh adductor

Adductor longus

hip/thigh adductor

Gracilis

hip/thigh adductor

Sartorius - crosses over legs

hip/thigh abductor

Vastus lateralis (on lateral side - big muscle) *member of quads

O: femur

I: tibia + patella
A: extends knee

Vastus medialis (in middle) *member of quads

O: femur

I: tibia + patella
A: extends knee

Rectus femoris - connects to patella *is a member of the quads

O: os coxa

I: tibia + patella

A: extends knee and flexes thigh

Vastus intermedius (can’t see, its buried deep hidden inside — is under rectus femoris) *is a member of the quads

O: femur

I: tibia + patella

A: extends knee

Gluteus maximus

O: sacrum + os coxa

I: femur
A: thigh extensor

Gluteus medius - under maximus

O: os coxa

I: femur

A: abduct hip

Biceps femoris *is a member of the hamstrings - lateral side.

O: os coxa

I: fibula + tibia

A: flex knee + extend thigh

Semitendinosus *is a member of hamstrings (ON TOP of semimembranosus)

O: os coxa

I: tibia

A; flex knee

Semimembranosus *is a member of hamstrings

O: os coxa

I: tibia

A: flex knee

Tibialis anterior - in front of tibia

O: tibia

I: metatarsals

A: dorsiflexion (moves foot)

Extensor digitorum longus - (next to tibialis anterior)

O: Tibia

I: Phalanges of toes

A: extends toes (digits)

Fibularis longus - long tendon ON TOP of fibularis brevis

Fibularis brevis - short tendon

Gastrocnemius *big belly

O: femur

I: calcaneus

A: plantar flexion of feet

Soleus - under gastro

O: tibia
I: calcaneus

A: plantar flexion of feet

Tibialis posterior - under soleus

O: tibia

I: tarsals
A: foot inversion (sole goes in)